Question

Discuss the importance of youth movements in Gold Coast

Answer 1

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On 6 March 1957, the Gold Coast (now known as Ghana) gained independence from Britain. Ghana became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and was led to independence by Kwame Nkrumah who transformed the country into a republic, with himself as president for life

British Colonial Rule: Impact # 2.

ADVERTISEMENTS: New land system of the British ruler also created a serious impact on the Indian economy. During the East India Company rule, the company administrators imposed land revenue at exorbitant rates and thereby realised larger returns from land.

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Answer 2

African youth are undoubtedly a political strength. Nothing reveals this reality more than in modern time in Burkina Faso, Senegal, Niger, Togo or South Africa, among other countries, the Arab Springs and other democratic demonstrations, opposition and rebellion

Explanation:

• Africa's political systems were organised in pre-colonial times around seniority, with authority vested in clan/family and heads of government, who were assisted by elderly councils. Youth accepted social , political and economic subordinates within institutions established to respect the rule, opinions and counsel in such gerontocratic societies the leader and seniors
• In the nationalist and pan-African movements, African youth were both intellectual and ground forces. In 1929, influential indigenous people from the colony on the Gold Coast, many of whom had practiced law in the UK and been active members of the WASU, proposed the creation of a "national youth assembly for researching the issue of the colony,  and to "think and act together as one people". Several young people who were to lead secession struggles in different African counts participated in the Fifth Pan-African Congress in Manchester in 1945, one of the most influential of emancipation movements.
• By 1965, 37 African countries had gained independence. In March 1957, the Gold Coast, now Ghana, became the first states south of the Sahara to gain independence. Once independence had been achieved, youth groups committed their loyalty to regimes which led them to combat colonial rule. The politics of the new nation-states were based on ancient patriarchal and gerontocracy ideologies which evocated family and ideals. Community in the service of the nation-building grand project.
• The period of political liberalization continued until the 1990s when many African countries experienced a "third wave" of populism. Youth organizations identified with the independence fighters' regimes have been disbanded or suppressed. This paved the way to resurrect and reorganize the young volunteers who were undermined by governments after independence. Student movements have gained strength and their activities have become more important as supporters of new regimes and policymakers.⠀
• Many young people were for instance hired as agricultural volunteers in Ghana (Gold Coast) and Ivory Coast, in order to assist the new regimes by obtaining sufficient food. Soon, the youth and especially student movements had become critical of the"new regimes"for not discussing the problems that everyday citizens face successfully. In Ghana , for example, since the mid-1970s, NUGS has organised a series of protests against militay & police brutality, high food prices and poor economic management. Such demonstrations have led to campuses being regularly locked down as well as to student leaders and young demonstrators being arrested.
• Such youth acts have helped to overthrow other regimes and the publication around the 1990s of new constitutions. Youth, civil society and student groups in Nigeria as well as in Ghana (Gold Coast) urged constitutional reforms and new constitutional drafting to pave the way for deeper democracy