Discuss the policies(principles ) of the vienna congress
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The principles were as under:
1. The Principle of Legitimacy:
Talleyrand, the foreign minister of France, was the deviser of this principle According to this, it was decided that the rights of those rulers who had been deprived of their thrones and driven from their states by Napoleon, should be re-established.
In other words, the diplomats of the Vienna Congress did not give recognition to any political change that had been made in Europe after 1789.
They had firmly determined to take back Europe to the stage which existed before 1789. C.D. Hazen has defined this principle as follows:
"It was understood, that in general, the doctrine of legitimacy should be followed in determining the rearrangement of Europe, that is, the principle that princes deprived of their thrones and driven from their states by Napoleon should receive them back again at the hands of collective Europe."
2. The Principle of Balance of Power:
In order to ensure the peace of the whole of Europe, it was decided that the power of different countries should be balanced, so that no country could threaten another one. France was held responsible for disturbing the peace of Europe.
Therefore, it was necessary to control her power. Keeping in view the idea of permanent peace in Europe, the political power of Holland, Bavaria, Sardinia, Saxony and Prussia was augmented.
3. The Principle of Rewards and Punishments:
According to this principle, it was decided that those states which had helped the allies against Napoleon, were to be rewarded, but those states were to be punished which had supported Napoleon.
In addition to this, it was also decided that those kingdoms should be compensated that had either been destroyed or damaged by Napoleon.
Since the allies took an active part in the downfall of Napoleon, it was also decided to compensate them by giving them some new territories.
1. The Principle of Legitimacy:
Talleyrand, the foreign minister of France, was the deviser of this principle According to this, it was decided that the rights of those rulers who had been deprived of their thrones and driven from their states by Napoleon, should be re-established.
In other words, the diplomats of the Vienna Congress did not give recognition to any political change that had been made in Europe after 1789.
They had firmly determined to take back Europe to the stage which existed before 1789. C.D. Hazen has defined this principle as follows:
"It was understood, that in general, the doctrine of legitimacy should be followed in determining the rearrangement of Europe, that is, the principle that princes deprived of their thrones and driven from their states by Napoleon should receive them back again at the hands of collective Europe."
2. The Principle of Balance of Power:
In order to ensure the peace of the whole of Europe, it was decided that the power of different countries should be balanced, so that no country could threaten another one. France was held responsible for disturbing the peace of Europe.
Therefore, it was necessary to control her power. Keeping in view the idea of permanent peace in Europe, the political power of Holland, Bavaria, Sardinia, Saxony and Prussia was augmented.
3. The Principle of Rewards and Punishments:
According to this principle, it was decided that those states which had helped the allies against Napoleon, were to be rewarded, but those states were to be punished which had supported Napoleon.
In addition to this, it was also decided that those kingdoms should be compensated that had either been destroyed or damaged by Napoleon.
Since the allies took an active part in the downfall of Napoleon, it was also decided to compensate them by giving them some new territories.
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Vienna congress Principles or policies:
Vienna Congress is the meeting spot of European ambassadors which was presided by Klemens Von Metternich. It was conducted in Vienna for a period of one year from 1814 to 1815.
The main policy or principle of this Congress was to obtain long term peace in Europe by settling all sorts of the crises arising due to the French revolutionary war as well as Napoleon attacks.
Apart from this, it also wanted to bring back all its native land form from its enemies and to increase the power so that peace can be obtained.
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