Discuss the role of Europeans and its policies to shape the world.For 5 Marks Class 10
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THE ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU)
This chapter examines the role of the European Union (EU) and provides a contextual examination of the role of states as protectors and enforcers of human rights. The EU is a unique organisation, in that its Member States have set up common institutions to which they delegate some of their sovereignty so that decisions on specific matters of joint interest can be made democratically at the European level. This pooling of sovereignty is also called ‘European integration’.
Although the original EC Treaty did not contain any human rights clauses, as these were considered within the realm of the Council of Europe, the EU has long been committed to human rights. One of the original aims of European integration was to prevent the atrocities of the Second World War from being repeated and the first EC Convention of and Austria, Finland and Sweden in 1995. In May 2004 the biggest ever enlargement took place with 10 new countries joining the EU. This enlargement consisted of eight Central and Eastern European countries (the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia) together with Cyprus and Malta. In January 2007 there was a further enlargement, with Bulgaria and Romania becoming Member States. Today, the EU consists of 27 countries with a joint population of around 500 million. Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Albania, Iceland, Serbia and Turkey have applied for membership.
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