Question

disorders of adrenal gland...marks-10

Answer 1

✴️Hello.... Rittika...✴️
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__My sis♥️,.....here is your answer __
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There are numerous disorders of Adrenal Glands, but today I'm going to describe some of them as per as your demand for ten marks☺️.

_______Adrenal Disorders_______
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☑️1.) Cushing's Syndrome (CS) :----
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It is a rare disease that results from having too much cortisol hormones in the body.

◼️In some cases, CS develops from long-term overuse of steroids mediations.
In other cases, the body itself produces too much cortisol.
This over production can be happen for several reasons, like presence of tumors and so on.

◼️Symptoms of CS :---
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1.) Skin problems.
2.) High blood pressure.
3.) Muscle and bone weakness.
4.) Slow growth rates in children.
5.) Upper body obesity, round face and neck and thinning arms and legs.

⚫In women :---
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a.) In them, may also have increased growth of facial hair and body hair.
b.) Experience irregularities in menstrual periods.

⚫In men :---
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Men may become less fertile and have a reduced or absent sex drive.

☑️2.) Addison's Disease (AD) :----
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◼️This rare disease develops when the adrenal glands do not make enough cortisol.
In most of Addison's Disease, the body also does not make enough of the hormone----Aldosterone.
⚫Addison's Disease is an autoimmune disease------- a condition in which the immune system which is supposed to protect the body, mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues and cells.
⚫In the case of AD, this reaction results in damage to the adrenal glands. In long-term, this damage can get worse untill eventually the Adrenal Glands are not working at all.

◼️Symptoms of Addison's Disease :---
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1.) Weight loss.
2.) Weakness.
3.) Extreme fatigue
4.) Low blood pressure.
5. ) Depression.
6.) Nausea and vomiting.
7.) Patches of darker skin.

☑️3.) Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) :--
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◼️It is an inherited condition causing swelling of the adrenal glands. The condition is associated with a decrease in the blood level of hormone called cortisol and an increased in the level of male sex hormones in both sexes.

◼️Symptoms of CAH range from mild to serious.
Some people with mild CAH are never diagnosed because their symptoms do not cause them any problem.

◼️Symptoms of CAH :---
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1.) Shorter than average final height.
2.) Early signs of puberty in children.
3.) Irregularities in menstrual periods.
4.) Possible trouble getting pregnant.
5.) Excess facial hair.

☑️4.) Hyperaldosteronism :----
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It is a adrenal disease, in which the Adrenal Glands release too much of the hormone Aldosterone into the blood.
The main symptoms is moderate to high blood pressure which can be difficult to control.

◼️Symptoms of Hyperaldosteronism :---
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1.) Low potassium level.
2.) muscular cramping or spasms.
3.) Excessive urination, sometimes at night.
4.) Headache.
5.) Weakness.

_____Hope, it will help you!!!____
≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞≈≈≈≈≈≈≈
_______Thanks Sisy....☺️_______

Answer 2

NCERT based Answer for Class 11 Biology Students

Disorders of adrenal hormones:

Aldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome):

 Hypersecretion of aldestrone due to tumor of zona glomerulosa results in aldosteronism.

 It causes increased levels of Na+ and decreased level of K+ in blood.

 There is excessive retention of Na+ and water which causes general body edema and high blood pressure.

 Due to decreased level of K+, neurons and muscle fibres hyperpolarize, which makes them less responsive to stimulation.

 Symptoms include musclular weakness, cramps and paralysis.

Addison’s disease:

 Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and aldosterone due to failure of adrenal cortex results in the condition called Addison’s disease.

 Clinical symptoms include metal lethargy, anorexia (loss of apetite), nausea, weight loss, hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) and muscular weakness.

 Loss of aldosterone leads to elevated K+ and decreased Na+ in blood, low blood pressure, dehydration etc.

Adrenal virilism:  

 It is due to hypersecretion of androgens.

 Symptoms in females include growth of beard, deeper voice, masculine distribution of body hair, atrophy of breasts, absent menstruation etc.

If you find the answer useful, plz mark it the brainliest.

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