Question

dissent aims at changing the Constitution or law or polices
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Answer 1

Answer:

Dissent and Democracy

The Preamble to the Constitution of India promises liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship. Clauses (a) to (c) of Article 19(1) promise:-

freedom of speech and expression;

Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms

And the freedom to form associations or unions;

These three freedoms are vehicles through which dissent can be expressed. The right of freedom of opinion and the right of freedom of conscience by themselves include the extremely important right to disagree. The right to disagree, the right to dissent and the right to take another point of view would inhere inherently in each and every citizen of the country.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Dissent, then, is a powerful source for developing effective public reasoning, itself necessary for determining the legitimacy of the actions and institutions of a given state as well as the customs and practices of a given society.

Dissenting opinions like Harlan's are considered important because they put an alternative interpretation of the case on the record, which can encourage future discussion of the case. Such dissent may be used years later to shape arguments or opinions. Dissenting opinions don't always lead to the overturning of cases.