Distinguish between emf and terminal voltage of a cell.
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ElectroMotive Force (emf) : It is the potential difference between the terminals of a cell when no current flows.
Terminal Voltage (simply Voltage, V) : It is the potential difference between the terminals of a cell when current flows.
Since a cell has an internal resistance that requires energy ( potential difference) to overcome, then the terminal voltage is always less than the ElectroMotive Force.
( V < emf ).
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