Question

Distinguish between infectious and noninfectious disease. Give examples of each

Answer 1

Answer-

Infectious disease-

• They are caused by attack of pathogens.
• The disease are brought about by extrinsic or external factors.
• Infectious diseases can pass from diseased  person to healthy person.
• Transmission of infection occurs through direct contact or some medium (air, water, vectors).

• Community hygiene can reduce the incidence of infectious disease.

Examples-

• Cold, cholera and malaria.

Non-Infectious disease-

• They are caused by factors other than living pathogens.
• The diseases are mostly brought by intrinsic or internal factors.
• Non-infectious diseases can not pass from one person to another.
• Transmission is absent. However hereditary diseases are transmitted from parents to offspring.
• Community hygiene is ineffective in reducing the incidence of non-infectious diseases.

Examples-

• Diabetes, Hypertension and goitre.

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Answer 2

ANSWER:

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Infectious diseases:

1. It is caused by the pathogens.

2.Infection is transmitted through direct contact (physical contact, sexual contact) or through medium (air, water, food, insects etc.)

3.Example:
cholera, malaria.
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Non-infectious diseases:

1.It is not caused by the pathogens.

2.Infection is not transmitted through direct contact or through medium except in medium hereditary diseases where it occurs from parent offspring.

3.Example:
Diabetes.
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Definition of infectious and non infectious disease:
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Infectious diseases-

Infectious diseases are the diseases caused by micro-organisms like bacteria, virus, fungi and protozoa. 

They are spread from one person to another through agents like contaminated air, food, water, vectors etc. are called as communicable diseases.
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Non-infectious diseases-

Non-infectious diseases are the diseases caused by genetic abnormalities, malfunctioning of organs, environmental factors etc.

They do not spread from one person to another and are called as non-communicable diseases.
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