Distinguish between Llanos and Campos 5 points
Answers
Vegetation composition and structure can directly affect bird survival and reproduction, and thus they are considered important influences on avian assemblages and bird–habitat relationships (Rotenberry 1985, Skowno and Bond 2003, Su ́rez et al. 2003, Whittingham et al. 2006). For grassland birds in particular, empirical evidence indicates that species may show strong associations with vegetation structure (Cody 1985, Patterson and Best 1996). This factor is thought to influence bird distributions and numbers because it affects food and nesting resources and provides protection from the elements and from predators (e.g., Rotenberry and Wiens 1980, Grzybowski 1983, Cody 1985, Fisher and Davis 2010). During foraging, vegetation structure can influence both prey availability and detectability. In regard to nesting resources, it can provide spatial clues that help birds relocate their nests, it can influence nest microclimate, it can provide thermoregulatory advantages to incubating individuals, and—probably most important for grassland birds—it can reduce nest predation risks by increasing nest concealment (Walsberg 1985, Hoekman et al. 2002, Davis 2005). Finally, vegetation structure influences predation risk not only for nests, but also for individuals themselves (Grzybowski 1983, Lima 1993, Whittingham et al. 2006). The Pampas biome of southeast South America is dominated by grassland ecosystems that extend from southern Brazil into Uruguay and central-eastern Argentina. The region’s extraordinarily favorable conditions for agriculture have resulted in a drastic modification of its native vegetation since European settlement (Vervoorst 1967,
Answer:lanos is a vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela, in northwestern South America. ... The Campos, grassland with few trees or shrubs except near streams, lies between 24°S and 35°S; it includes parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, and all of Uruguay.
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