Question

Distinguish between mendelian and non-medelin inheritance using the phenotypic outcone of reciprocal crosses

Answer 1

During Mendel’s study of pea plants in the 1800’s, nothing was known about DNA, chromosomes, genes, or meiosis.  Mendel’s conclusions were drawn from observation and modeling.  The discovery of these features of the cell and the cell cycle both confirmed Mendel’s findings, and helped to explain some inconsistencies with Mendelian genetics.  Some of those inconsistencies are described below:

Incomplete Dominance:  Mendel observed that there was no blending of alleles in inheritance (e.g., lavender flowers resulting from a cross between purple and white flowers).  However, some traits do blend together.  Another way of saying this is that heterozygous organisms express phenotypes with characteristics of both the dominant and the recessive allele.  Some flowers exhibit incomplete dominance.

and in comparison of non - mendelian..
non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.  Remember that genes contain information to make proteins, as discussed in the central dogma section of the last lesson.  So it could be that incomplete dominance and co-dominance exist due to how the genes are expressed. The expression of a gene refers to when, how often, how quickly, and/or how effectively it gets converted into a protein.  Many things can affect gene expression, including availability of nutrients, poisons, and other environmental conditions during development.

Still other forms of non-Mendelian inheritance patterns are due more to how genetic information gets split up during meiosis.

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