Question

distinguish between metals and non _ metal on the basic of physical prperties

Answer 1

●metals are generally solid state at room temperature and nonmetals are generally of solids or gases at room temperature
●metals have high melting points and nonmetals have generally have low melting and boiling points
●metals have a reflecting surface i.e. they are lustorus and nonmetals lack luster and they cannot be polished
●metals have high density that is metals are heavy non metals have low density and they are lighter than metals
●metals are usually hard and do not take easily non metals are brittle and they can be broken easily
●metals can be beaten or rolled into thin sheets without breaking or crackling and non metals are non malleable i.e. they break on hammering
●metals can be stretched into wires i.e. they are ductile and non metals are not ductile they cannot be stretched into wires
●metal are conductors of electricity they allow electricity to pass through them they also allow heat to pass through them whereas nonmetals are poor conductors of electricity and heat they do not allow heat and electricity pass through them and hence they are insulators
●metals are sonorous as they make sound when Banged and non metals are non sonorous ,they do not make sound when Banged.


hope this helps :)

Answer 2

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS AND NON- METALS :

Various physical properties which enables us to distinguish metals from non- metals : -

♣ State :

All metals are solid at room temperature. only Mercury is a metal in liquid form.

♣ Colour :

Metals usually have a silver or grey colour.

♣ Metallic lustre :

Metals in the pure state generally shine and can be polished . The shine on the metallic surface is called the metallic lustre.

♣ Hardness :

Metals are generally hard like iron except some which are soft like Pottassium and sodium and can be cut with a knife.

♣ Density :

Metals have high densities. The density of a Substance is a measure of how heavy it is .

Density = Mass ( in g ) / volume ( in cm³ )

According to density , metals are divided into two groups — light metals and heavy metals . Metals like Sodium and pottasium are so light that they can even float on water.

♣ Malleability :

Some metals can be beaten into thin sheets with hammer without breaking . This property of metals is called malleability. Gold and silver are the most malleable metals. They can be hammered into very thin sheets. Silver foils are used for decorating sweets. Aluminum foils are used for wrapping of medicines , chocolates , etc.

♣ Ductility :

Ductility is the property by virtue of which metals can be drawn into wire. Gold and Silver are the best ductile metals. Copper and Aluminium are also drawn into wire and used in electrical wiring.

♣ Conductivity :

All metals conduct heat and electricity. Three very good conductors of electricity are silver , copper and aluminum. Silver is used for electrical contacts in computer. Mercury is worst conductor of heat.

♣ Sonority :

Metals are generally sonorous . They make a singing sound when we strike them. Therefore, they are used for making bells and metals wires being used in musical instruments such as Sitar and guitar.

♣ Melting and Boiling point :

Metals have generally high melting points and Boiling points. However, sodium and potassium have low melting points.

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Some physical properties of Non-Metals are :-

♠ Physical Properties :

Three Physical states of matter in which non- metal exist are solid , liquid, and gas . The Physical properties of Non-Metals are opposite to that of metals.

Example :- carbon, sulphur, Phosphorous, etc. are solid non- metals. Bromine is liquid non-metal; oxygen , Hydrogen, nitrogen etc. are gasesous non- metals .

♠ Lustre :

Non- metals do not have lustre. They have dull appearance. But some exceptions as Graphite, diamond and iodine have Crystal shine.

♠ Malleability :

Non- metals are non-melleable that is they cannot be beaten into thin sheets.

♠ Ductility :

Non- metals are non- ductile . They cannot be drawn into wires.

♠ Conductivity :

Non metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity except Graphite which is a good conductor of electricity and heat.

♠ Melting points :

Non- metals usually have low melting points.

♠ Hardness :

Non- metals are usually soft except diamond which is the hardest known non-metal. Non- metals are brittle, when hammered they break into pieces.

♠ Sonorous :

Non- metals are non- Sonorous.

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