Question

distinguish between the following:-
Forced and voluntary migration​

Answer 1

Answer:

Migration is the permanent movement of people from one place to another. Voluntary migration is where the migrant has a choice whether or not to migrate. ... In forced migration, a government or authority forces someone to move.

Answer 2

Migrants can of course be legal, moving through relevant legal channels with the appropriate documentation, or they may be irregular, moving across borders without appropriate authorisation or entering, for instance, a country as a tourist or temporary visitor and then engaging in employment and overstaying their visa. On one hand, migrants are usually people with a strong will who mobilise significant resources in order to prepare their journey and arrival in the country of destination. They save money, they gather information about the trip and the destination and about potential employment there. They speak to friends and family at the destination who will help them upon arrival. They may speak to travel agents, potential employers at destination or middlemen of different sorts. They may try to learn the language of the destination country. In short, migrants clearly make decisions and take up actions in order to prepare for their migration.

However, this does not necessarily mean their migration is voluntary. The reasons for leaving their country of origin may have to do with circumstances that are beyond their control. Migrating is not a decision taken easily, it involves high costs – both material and emotional as well as social – and it is usually undertaken because there exist strong motives that make a person want to go to another country. Thus, people may simply not have work in their country of origin or they may be employed but their income may not be enough for them and their families to survive. They may suffer very harsh living and working conditions. They may also be pressured by their own family to migrate in order to help the other family members (for instance to create a small family business, to help siblings and their families, or to support elderly parents).

In other words, the decision to leave is usually taken under very strong pressure by circumstances beyond the control of the migrant her/himself. Let us now look at three examples in order to discuss the extent to which decisions by migrants are forced or voluntary.