Distinguish between the following pairs of terms:
(i) movement and locomotion
(ii) thick and thin myofilaments
(iii) tendon and ligament
(iv) cilia and flagella
(v) tropic and nastic movement
Answers
Answer:
Locomotion– The movement of an organism from one place to another is known as locomotion. In this process, there is the action of appendages such as limbs, wings, and flagella. In some animals, such as fish, whales, and shark, the locomotion results from a wave-like series of muscle contractions. Locomotion helps an organism to find food, avoid harsh weather conditions, escape from their predators, etc.
A few examples of locomotion are walking, running, swimming, etc. Movement, on the other hand, refers to any type of motion that need not be localized.
Movement– Movement is generally defined as a state of changing the position from rest to motion or vice-versa. Movement can be both voluntary and involuntary. Movement helps an organism to perform necessary functions, such as pumping of blood to the different parts of the body, and etc.
For example, walking is a voluntary movement, while breathing is an involuntary movement.
All the pairs are distinguished below :
i) Movement and locomotion
In the process of movement, displacement of the whole body does not occur completely. Whereas in locomotion, the whole organism gets displacesld completely from one site to other.
ii) Thick and thin myofilaments
The myofilament which has thick has only myosin protein. But the thick myofilaments has different proteins like troponin, actin and tropomyosin.
iii) Tendon and Ligament
The tendon has the role to connect muscles to the bones or structures. But ligaments connects bone to bone.
iv) Cilia and Flagella
Cilia occurs singly in a cell whereas flagella are present in large number in a cell.
v) Tropic and Nastic Movement
Tropic are those kind of movement where the movements are associated with the stimuli's direction whereas nastic kind of movement are not associated with the stimulus.