Does insulin level raise according to amount of food
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Answer:
While insulin levels are mostly regulated by the amount of glucose in our blood, other things can stimulate its release. Other molecules from digestion, like certain amino acids, proteins and lipids, can similarly stimulate insulin release. But most incredibly, our bodies begin releasing insulin before we even take a single bite of food. When we think about, smell, or slightly taste foods, our brains trigger what is called Cephalic Phase Insulin Release. A food’s color, appearance, flavor, aroma, and texture can all impact how our brains respond to the idea of eating it. The goal is to prepare the body for what the brain thinks will be a sudden flood of glucose. The sweeter and sugarier the brain thinks the meal will be, the more insulin it stimulates the pancreas to release before the food even enters the mouth.
Once we start to eat, our bodies ramp up insulin secretion, in what is often called first phase insulin release. Insulin that was kept in storage while our blood glucose levels were normal is released all at once, leading to a dramatic increase in insulin levels. The amount of insulin secreted in the first phase response to a meal is determined by the amount of glucose encountered in the previous meal – the more you needed last time, the more is released in this first phase. In a healthy person, this first phase response peaks a few minutes after you’ve started your a meal.
The β-cells then take a quick pause. If the first pulse was enough, then they slowly take up the insulin they released, and store it for the next meal. If the blood glucose levels stay high, though, the β-cells begin producing and releasing insulin in pulses every ten to twenty minutes. They continue this until the body’s blood glucose gets back to normal levels. The blood sugar rise caused by the meal peaks about half an hour after eating, and this, in turn, leads to a decrease in insulin production and release.
There are other regulators of release of insulin, too. Stress hormones like noradrenaline inhibit insulin release. This makes sense when you think about it evolutionarily. The purpose of stress hormones is to prepare our bodies for a sudden need to act. If we see a tiger, for example, our stress hormones spike so we can be prepared to fight if it attacks or run like hell to get away. Either way, we’ll need extra energy on hand to deal with the stressful situation, so stress hormones stop insulin from being released to ensure that a little extra glucose is in the bloodstream and able to reach whatever body parts need it most.
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