Don't we all like the sugarcane stem,?
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Answer:
Sugar cane isn't the only plant that produces large amounts of sugar. Sugar beets are a source, so are maple trees just to name a couple.
The entire sugar cane stalk is the seed. Farmers cut their crop, and replant the field with whole stalks laid end to end at the same time. What appears to be seeds on the outside of the stalk is only the kernel. One stalk might contain thirty to fourty kernels. The new plant sprouts from the kernel, and the sugar is food stored for the sprout. But sugar cannot be stored for very long, so until the kernel is ready to sprout instead of sugar the plant stores starch. Only when the kernel is ready, through a process called malting the starch is converted to sugar. At this time the farmer cuts his fields and the cane goes off to the sugar mill to be processed. At the same time the farmer replants whole stalks as he goes along which becomes next years crop. Then the sugar cane growing process begins again. Over and over, year after year.
It might be important to mention a few things. Every seed bearing plant stores starch which converts to sugar by the same malting process. Starch has no nutritional value. Therefore nothing wants to eat it, and that's why starch can be stored. You may have a container of corn starch in a kitchen cabinet. Corn starch comes from dried corn processed before the seed malts. Sugar cane is a type of grass, many grasses store starch in the stalk. Many other plants like corn, which also started out as a type of grass, store their starch in each individual seed.
Like all types of cane, sugar canes stalk is divided into sections. Unlike other types of cane, the sections don’t entirely divide the stalk, just the outer bark. The inner pith is not divided, and in the pith is where the starch/sugar is stored. The seed kernels are on the outside, and each section has two to four kernels. Depending on how tall the cane is, it might have up to ten or twelve sections. Each kernel will potentially sprout, and the sugar inside the stalk is the food source for thirty or fourty sprouts. That’s the evolutionary advantage. And the high number of sprouts that have to be provided for is why sugar cane produces so much sugar.
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