Question

draw a diagram of stomata how does it open and close

Answer 1

Sol: Stomata are small pores present in the epidermal cells of leaves in plants. Stomata are open during the day and close during night.Stomata take in carbon dioxide required for the photosynthetic activity during the day. They give out excess water released in the process of respiration during night along with carbon dioxide. Opening and closing of stomata is controlled by concentration of solutes in the guard cell. Mechanism of opening and closing of stomata Opening of stomata: Solutes from neighbouring epidermal and mesophyll cells enter the guard cells lowering its osmotic potential and water potential. This lowered water potential and osmotic potential will allow movement of water into guard cells from neighbouring cells. Guard cells become turgid due to water accumulation in them which results in the opening of the guard cells.  Closing of stomata: As the somata open the solute concentration is reduced. This makes the water from the guard cells to move away into neighbouring cells. Now, guard cells becom flaccid with no water. They collapse against each other and result in the closing of stomata

Answer 2

each stoma is guarded by two kidney - shaped it is called guard cells. At the time of photosynthesis, stomata open by the swelling of these guard cells and let the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere enter the leaf and side by side, release oxygen formed during photosynthesis. At night when photosynthesis does not occur, stomata get closed by shrinking of guard cells leaving a slit between them to expel carbon dioxide formed during respiration.
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