Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron and give functions of any three labelled parts.
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Answers
Answer:
The structure of neuron: Nerve cells or neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. It consists of three major parts namely, Cell body, dendrites, Axon.
Cell Body: It is irregular in shape or polyhedral. The cell body contains cytoplasm and certain granular bodies called Nissles granules which contain a group of ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Dendrites: Dendrites are short fibres which branch repeatedly and protrude out of the cell body. They transmit electrical impulse towards the cyton.
Axon: They are long fibres arising from the cell body with the branched distal end.
It terminates in bulb-like structures called synaptic knob. It is filled with chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Parts of Axon:
a. Axoplasm: It is the cytoplasm of the axon.
b. Myelin sheath: It is made up of many layers of Schwann cells.
c. Neurilemma: The outermost layer of Schwann cells.
d. Nodes of Ranvier: These are gaps left by a myelin sheath.
Explanation:
Dendrites
These are branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons and allow the transmission of messages to the cell body.
Cell Body
Each neuron has a cell body with a nucleus, golgi body, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and other components.
Axon
Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals that passes the impulse to another neuron.
Synapse
It is the chemical junction between the terminal of one neuron and dendrites of another neuron.
(from Byjyu's)
