Question

draw and write the differences between the structure of diamond and graphite

Answer 1

Diamond and graphite are both giant covalent substances made entirely of carbon atoms. Both have chemical formula , but they do not have a molecular formula.

Molecular structure

Diamond: Giant covalent structure, with each carbon covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement to form a rigid structure.

Graphite: It is also Giant covalent structure, with each carbon covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement.

Hardness

Diamond: Extremely hard. Due to rigid, tetrahedral arrangement of carbon atoms.

Graphite: Soft. Layers of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms can slide over one another.

Electrical conductivity

Diamond: Insulator. Mobile electrons are absent. All four valence electrons are used in covalent bonds.

Graphite: Conductor. Three out of four valence electrons are used for covalent bonding with other carbon atoms. Remaining valence electrons can be delocalised across the planes of carbon atoms.

Answer 2

graphite - 2d structure
diamond - 3d structure
graphite - one carbon atom is attached to three other carbon atoms
diamond - one carbon atom is attached to four other carbon atoms
graphite - hexagonal in shape.
diamond - tetrahedral in structure.
graphite - shiny greyish in colour.
diamond - it is transparent in colour.




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