Question

draw back of rutherford Nuclear model of atom 5 points ​

Answer 1

Drawbacks of Rutherford’s model of atom

Rutherford proposed that electrons revolve at a high speed in circular orbits around the positively charged nucleus. When a charged particle i. e. electron revolves around positively charge nucleus, it needs to be accelerated so as to keep it moving in circular orbits. However, according to electromagnetic theory, whenever a charged particle such as an electron is accelerated around another charged center ( nucleus ) which are under force of attraction, there will be continuous radiation of energy. This loss of energy would slow down the speed of the electron. This would reduce the radius of the electron–orbit. Eventually the electron would fall into the nucleus. The result would be that the atom would collapse. But this does not happen. Thus Rutherford’s atom could not explain the stability of the atom. Failure of Rutherford’s model i.e. reduction of radius of orbit is shown below.

Rutherford proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in the fixed orbits. However, he did not specify the orbits and the number of electrons in each orbit.

Answer 2

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Drawbacks of Rutherford Nuclear model are :-

1. Rutherford atomic model failed to explain about the stability of electrons in a circular path.
2. Also he was not able to explain "Hydrogen Spectrum".
3. As per Rutherford’s model, electrons revolve around the nucleus in a circular path. But particles that are in motion on a circular path would undergo acceleration, and acceleration causes radiation of energy by charged particles.
4. Eventually, electrons should lose energy and fall into the nucleus. And this points to the instability of atom.
5. Thus, the orbit of the revolving electron will keep on becoming smaller and smaller, following a spiral path as shown in figure and ultimately the electron should fall into the nucleus. In other words, the atom should collapse.