draw stress strain curve for a loaded wire
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
the relationship between stress and strain in any form of deformation can be regarded as stress-strain curves. The form of deformation can be compression, stretching, torsion, rotation, and so on. The stress and strain can be normal, shear, or mixture, also can be uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial, even change with time.
• It is unique for each material and is found by recording the amount of deformation (strain) at distinct intervals stress.
• These curves reveal many of the properties of a material.
An example of a stress-strain curve is given below.
Explaining Stress-Strain Graph
The stress-strain graph has different points or regions as follows:
Proportional limit
Elastic limit
Yield point
Ultimate stress point
Fracture or breaking point
(i) Proportional Limit
This region obeys Hooke’s Law. The ratio of stress with strain gives us proportionality constant known as young’s modulus. The region OA in the graph is called the proportional limit.
(ii) Elastic Limit
In this region material returns to its original position when the load acting on it is completely removed. Beyond this limit, the material doesn’t return to its original position and a plastic deformation starts to appear in it.
(iii) Yield Point
Material starts to deform plastically. After the yield point is passed, permanent plastic deformation occurs. There are two yield points:
(i) upper yield point
(ii) lower yield point.
(iv) Ultimate Stress Point
The point which experiences, the maximum stress that a material can endure before failure. Beyond this point, failure occurs.
(v) Fracture or Breaking Point
At this point in the stress-strain curve, the failure of the material takes place.
APPLICATION:
Helps in elasticity, cutting, bending and assembling processes.
2. To determine the plastic deformation.
The collapse of the Schoharie Creek Bridge:
On the morning of April 5, 1987, during a high spring flood, the Schoharie Creek Bridge collapsed. A snowmelt combined with rainfall totaling 150 mm (5.9 in) produced an estimated 50-year flood on the creek.
Pier three was the first to collapse, which caused the progressive collapse of spans three and four. Ninety minutes later pier two and span two collapsed. Two hours later pier one and span one shifted. A National Transportation Safety Board investigation suggested that pier two collapsed because the wreckage of pier three and the two spans may have partially blocked the river, redirecting and increasing the velocity of the flow of water to pier two.
Six days later, 5 km (3.1 mi) upstream, a large section of the Mill Point Bridge collapsed. The bridge had been closed since the flood as a precaution, since inspection showed that its foundations had also been eroded.
Hope it helps……