Question

Draw the diagram illustrating atomic structures of the following
(i) Sodium atom
(ii) Oxygen ion

Answer 1

Atomic structures of sodium atom and oxygen ion.

• An atomic structure is the representation of protons, neutrons, and electrons present in each atom of an element.

• The protons and neutrons are represented inside a circular nucleus.

• The electrons are represented in the circular orbits around the nucleus.

i) For Sodium atom (Na) :

  Atomic number = 11

• Number of protons = 11

• Number of electrons = 11  (2,8,1)

 Mass number = 23

• Number of neutrons = 23 - 11 = 12

ii) For Oxygen ion (O²⁻ ) :

Atomic number = 8

• Number of protons = 8

• Number of electrons = 8+2 = 10  (2,8)

(the 2⁻  charge indicates an excess of 2 electrons)

Mass number = 16

• Number of neutrons = 16 - 8 = 8

(Refer to the image attached below for the diagrammatic representation of the atomic numbers)