Question

draw the diagram to show the formation of Oxygen molecule by Valence bpnd thoery.

Answer 1

according to Valence Bond theory
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A covalent bond is formed when the orbital of one atom containing unpaired electron overlaps with the orbital of another atom containing unpaired electrons . this results in the formation of hybrid orbital which is occupied by both electrons .

formation of oxygen molecule :-

first of all we find configuration of oxygen molecule
e.g 1s² , 2s², 2p⁴

we see here in configuration of oxygens ,
P subshell incomplete .
in P-subshell there are six number of electrons occupied . but here only four , so , two unpaired orbital exist in Oxygen,

let Px and Py exist unpaired orbital,

also one more oxygen same unpaired orbital ( Px , Py) exist in P-subshell

now,
according to VBT ,
firstly sigma bond form .e.g Py-Py in y-axis by end to end or exial or head on overlapping
and then , π- bond form . e.g Py -Py in x axis or z-axis by sidewise overlapping or parallel overlapping.

now, oxygen have one sigma , or one π-bond .
e.g O=O is the molecule of oxygen.