Question

Draw the figure of leishmania and trypanosoma?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The kinetoplastids are a widespread group of flagellated protozoa. Members of this group parasitize virtually all animal groups as well as plants and insects. There are also free-living kinetoplastids which feed on bacteria in aquatic, marine and terrestial environments. The kinetoplastids are likely a monophyletic group which are related to the euglenids. Three distinct kinetoplastids cause human disease: African typanosomes (African sleeping sickness), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas' disease), and Leishmania species (leishmaniasis). All three are parasites of the blood and/or tissues of the human host and are transmitted by arthropod vectors (see page on vectors). (Link to another page on kinetoplastids focusing on African trypanosomes.)

The major distinguishing feature of this group is a subcellular structure known as the kinetoplast. The kinetoplast is a dark Giemsa-staining structure which is distinct from the nucleus (Figure). The size of the kinetoplast will vary according to species. The kinetoplast is found near the basal body which is located at the base of the flagellum (Figure). Because of this location near the flagellum, it was previously believed that the kinetoplast was somehow associated with cell movement--hence the name. However, the kinetoplast is actually a distinct region of the mitochondria and is not involved in motility. The staining of the kinetoplastid is due to mitochondrial DNA (see Box). In fact, the existence of extranuclear (i.e., organellar) DNA was first demonstrated in the kinetoplastics.

Typically, the kinetoplastids are depicted as long slender organisms. However, the kinetoplastids exhibit several morphological forms which are defined by the position of the kinetoplast in relation to the nucleus and the length of the undulating membrane (see morphological forms). Cellular features of the kinetoplastids include:

A single flagellum present in many of the morphological forms. A paraxial rods runs along beside the axoneme. The flagellum is sometimes attached to cell body to form undulating membrane.

Explanation:

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