e) Define neutralization. Give an example of a neutralization reaction.
Answers
Explanation:
Those reaction in which acids and base are react to form salts and water is called neutralization reaction.
Ex: NaOH+HCL- NaCl + H2O
Explanation:
In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react multiply with each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. The pH of the neutralized solution depends on the acid strength of the reactants
In the context of a chemical reaction the term neutralization is used for a reaction between an acid and a base or alkali. Historically, this reaction was represented as
acid + base (alkali) → salt + water
For example:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
The statement is still valid as long as it is understood that in an aqueous solution the substances involved are subject to dissociation, which changes the substances ionization state. The arrow sign, →, is used because the reaction is complete, that is, neutralization is a quantitative reaction. A more general definition is based on Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
AH + B → A + BH
H2SO4 + OH− → HSO4−+ H2O
HSO4− + OH− → SO42−+ H2O
Overall: H2SO4 + 2OH− → SO42−+ 2H2O
After an acid AH has been neutralized there are no molecules of the acid (or hydrogen ions produced by dissociation of the molecule) left in solution.When a weak acid reacts with an equivalent amount of a weak base complete neutralization does not occur.
AH + B ⇌ A− + BH+
The concentrations of the species in equilibrium with each other will depend on the equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction, which can be defined as follows.
[A−][BH+] = K[AH][B]
Given the association constants for the acid (Ka) and the base (Kb).
A− + H+ ⇌ AH; [AH] = Ka[A−][H+]
B + H+ ⇌ BH+; [BH+] = Kb[B][H+]
it follows that K =
Ka
/
Kb
.
A weak acid cannot be neutralized by a weak base, and vice versa.