Question

E. Short answer type questions:-
1. What do you understand by 'plate tectonies?
2. What causes volcanic eruptions?
3. What type of features are formed by vertical tectonic movements?
4. What is meant by weathering?
5. How are waterfalls created?​

Answer 1

Answer:

1.) A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere. Plate size can vary greatly, from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers across; the Pacific and Antarctic Plates are among the largest.

2.) Although there are several factors triggering a volcanic eruption, three predominate: the buoyancy of the magma, the pressure from the exsolved gases in the magma and the injection of a new batch of magma into an already filled magma chamber.

3.) Tectonic movements are of two types: (a) Vertical Movement: Causes land to uplift or subside or both. (b) Horizontal Movement: Formation of mountains, trenches in the sea, widening of water bodies, etc. Such movements can cause both folding and faulting of structure.

4.) Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering.

5.) Waterfalls are made when a layer of harder rock overlays on a layer of softer rocks. As the river passes over the softer rocks it erodes faster, forming a step. Hydraulic action erodes and makes the plunge pool and notch bigger.

Explanation:

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