effect of atomic radius on electronegativity..............with explanation.....?
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if atomic radius increases the electronegativity decreases
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Electronegativity is the ability for an atom of an element to attract the paired electron density in a bond to its’ nucleus. Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. A few factors affect it:
-Number of protons: The more protons there are, the more positive the nucleus is, this means the nucleus will be more capable of pulling the electrons to itself as the positivity pulls the negative electrons towards itself.
-Shielding: Shielding is the way in which electrons that have filled orbitals close to the nucleus, decrease the strength of the attraction of the nucleus for further electrons orbiting. Having a larger nucleus often means more electrons orbiting the nucleus. The more electrons in orbit the more shielding. More shielding means paired electrons in the outer shells aren’t as strongly attracted to the central nucleus, decreasing electronegativity as the nucleus cannot pull the electrons as easily.
-Atom radius: As you go from left to right on a periodic table, atomic radius decreases. This is because the nucleus becomes stronger. This also explains why as you go from left to right, electronegativity increases. Conversely, as you go down, atomic radius increases, therefore, electronegativity decreases as the electrons are further from the nucleus.
Using this we can explain the trends in electronegativity on a periodic table; electronegativity increases from left to right because increased number of protons, and electrons are closer to the nucleus but no change in shielding, but decreases down the table because shielding increases and so does the distance from the nucleus. This is why fluorine is the most electronegative, and why the elements around it are also highly electronegative.
Sorry for the long post but hope this helps :)
Electronegativity is the ability for an atom of an element to attract the paired electron density in a bond to its’ nucleus. Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. A few factors affect it:
-Number of protons: The more protons there are, the more positive the nucleus is, this means the nucleus will be more capable of pulling the electrons to itself as the positivity pulls the negative electrons towards itself.
-Shielding: Shielding is the way in which electrons that have filled orbitals close to the nucleus, decrease the strength of the attraction of the nucleus for further electrons orbiting. Having a larger nucleus often means more electrons orbiting the nucleus. The more electrons in orbit the more shielding. More shielding means paired electrons in the outer shells aren’t as strongly attracted to the central nucleus, decreasing electronegativity as the nucleus cannot pull the electrons as easily.
-Atom radius: As you go from left to right on a periodic table, atomic radius decreases. This is because the nucleus becomes stronger. This also explains why as you go from left to right, electronegativity increases. Conversely, as you go down, atomic radius increases, therefore, electronegativity decreases as the electrons are further from the nucleus.
Using this we can explain the trends in electronegativity on a periodic table; electronegativity increases from left to right because increased number of protons, and electrons are closer to the nucleus but no change in shielding, but decreases down the table because shielding increases and so does the distance from the nucleus. This is why fluorine is the most electronegative, and why the elements around it are also highly electronegative.
Sorry for the long post but hope this helps :)
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