Question

Effective speaking depends on effective listening . It takes energy to concentrate on hearing and

concentrate on understanding what has been heard .

2. Incompetent listeners fail in a number of ways. First they may drift . Their attention drifts from

what the speaker is saying. Second , they may counter. They find counter arguments to

whatever a speaker may be saying . Third , they compete . Then they filter. They exclude from

their understanding those parts of the message which do not readily fit with their own frame of

reference . Finally they react. They let personal feelings about the speaker or subject override

the significance of the message which is being sent .

3. What can a listener do to be more effective ? The first key to effective listening is the art of

concentration. . If a listener positively wishes to concentrate on receiving a message , his chances

of success are high. It may need determination . Some speakers are difficult to follow . either

because of voice problems or because of the form in which they send a message . There isparticular need for the determination of a listener to concentrate on what is being said .Concentration is helped by alertness . Mental alertness is helped by physical alertness . It is not

simply physical fitness , but also positioning of the body , the limbs and the head .Some people

also find it helpful to their concentration if they hold the head slightly to one side . One useful

way for achieving this is intensive note-taking , by trying to capture the critical headings and

sub-headings the speaker is referring to .

5. Note-taking has been recommended as an aid to the listener . It also helps the speaker . . It gives

him confidence when he sees that listeners are sufficiently interested to take notes; the patterns

of eye –contact when the note -taker looks up can be very positive ; and the speaker’s timing is

aided – he can see when a note-taker is writing hard and can then make effective use of pauses .

Posture too is important . Effective listening skills have an impact on both the listener and the

speaker .

A. On the basis of your understanding of the passage , male notes on it , using headings and sub

headings . Use recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary . ( Minimum 4 ) and a format you

consider suitable. Also supply a suitable title to it .​

Answer 1

Answer:

what is it I don't understand it is English or anything else