Emergency period is a test of the human right policy of a country
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Published: Fri, 02 Feb 2018
Protection Of Human Rights During National Emergency
The journey of democratic transformation of European autocracies has hinged upon the successful assertion of three important components of human freedom:
Freedom of expression;
Freedom from arbitrary imprisonment;
Freedom from custodial violence.
The legitimisation of these freedoms as an inalienable civil and political right of citizens against the state constitutes a historical landmark as regards the evolution of liberal democracies. Initially in Europe, the Magna Carta (1215) followed by the Petition of Rights (1627), and the Bill of Rights (1688) in England, and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens (1791) adopted by the French National Assembly in 1789 after the French Revolution are now part of the universal human heritage of the struggle against oppression, in its various forms. [1] Other democratic projects have drawn inspiration from these tested sources of experience in humane governance. However even before that, the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention (1787) in the US adopted the first ten amendments of its own constitution as the citizens’ Bill of Rights. These civil and political rights constitute the sources of the first generation of the modem concept of human rights; human, because they are part of the universal human heritage and, also because they distinguish the essence of human existence from all other forms of life in the planet.