Endocrine glands are given below. Write hormone secretion and its function a) Thyroid- . b) Adrenal- . c) Pancreas - . d) Ovary - . e) Testis
Answers
Answer:
a) hormone- thyroxine
function- it regulates general metabolism,growth, development of the body.
b) hormone- hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex are called cortical hormones or corticoids. They are steroids.
hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla are adrenaline( epinephrine) and nonadrenaline (norepinephrine).
function- ★Corticoids regulate metabolism of nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), salt water balance, amount of urine formed, and they act as sex hormones influencing development of secondary sexual characters.
★Hormones of adrenal medulla prepare the body for quick action.
• Adrenaline is called emergency hormone because it is secreted under severe stress condition of the body. It prepares the body for quick action to meet any emergency situation for fight or for flight (.e, to face the danger or to run away from iti. It increases rate of heartbeat, blood pressure and blood glucose level. At the time of emotional stress, an extra amount of adrenaline increases metabolism, releases more energy and increases blood supply to muscles.
•Noradrenaline regulates blood pressure by causing contraction of small arteries.
c) hormone- insulin and gulacon.
function-▸ Its exocrine part produces pancreatic juice which is carried by pancreatic duct into the duodenum. It contains digestive enzymes which help in digestion.
▸ The endocrine part contains small groups of endocrine cells, called islets of Langerhans. They secrete hormones, insulin and glucagon.
▸ Insulin controls carbohydrate metabolism, and converts extra glucose from blood into glycogen for storage in liver cells and muscles. Thus, it maintains proper level of glucose in the blood. • Hyposecretion of insulin raises blood glucose level which is then excreted in the urine. This disease is called diabetes mellitus.
• Hypersecretion of insulin lowers glucose level in blood. a person becomes unconscious and may collapse.
▸ Glucagon is antagonistic to insulin.It stimulates breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose to raise glucose levels in blood.
d) hormone- oestrogen and progesterone
function- The ovaries produce the egg cells, called the ova or oocytes. The oocytes are then transported to the fallopian tube where fertilization by a sperm may occur. The fertilized egg then moves to the uterus, where the uterine lining has thickened in response to the normal hormones of the reproductive cycle.
e) hormone- testosterone
function- The testes are responsible for making testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, and for producing sperm. Within the testes are coiled masses of tubes called seminiferous tubules. These tubules are responsible for producing the sperm cells through a process called spermatogenesis.