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Thallophytes
Thallophytes are a polyphyletic group of non-mobile organisms that are grouped together on the basis of similarity of characteristics but do not share a common ancestor. They were formerly categorized as a sub-kingdom of kingdom Plantae. These include lichens, algae, fungus, bacteria and slime moulds and bryophytes.
Characteristics of Thallophyta
1. They are usually found in moist or
wet places.
2. This is due to the absence of “true
roots” and vascular tissue that is
needed to transport water and
minerals. Hence they are found in
moist or wet places.
3. They are autotrophic in nature.
4. Most members of this group
manufacture their own food. But a
few members like fungi are
dependent on other sources of
food.,
5. Reserve food is generally starch.
6. After photosynthesis, glucose is
produced and consumed almost
immediately, the remaining
glucose is converted into complex
compounds called starch.
7. They have a cell wall composed of
cellulose around their cells.
8. Absence of vascular tissue.
9. Unlike other plants, xylem and
phloem are absent. etc
10. Sex organs are simple,
single-celled, there is no embryo
formation after fertilization.
What are Bryophytes?
Bryophyta, the division of green plants, refers to embryophytes which in literal terms, are land plants, especially the non-vascular ones. This division includes-
Characteristics of Bryophytes
1. Plants in this category do not have
roots but have crude stems and
leaves.
2. They have “rhizoids” instead of
roots which helps the plant to
anchor to surface.
3. These roots or rhizoids do not
absorb nutrients like other usual
plant roots.
4. Mosses release spores from their
leaves which travels by water and
make new mosses in new
locations.
5. Water is very essential for mosses
to grow and spread. They can
entirely dry out and survive. When
in contact with water, they again
revive and continue growing.
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