enlist various factors affecting social health and write changes to correct situations plz ans fast
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Contents
Summary
Introduction
PART I: DOCUMENTING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
1 Shorter Lives
Mortality Rates
Cross-National Differences in Life Expectancy
Survival to Age 50
Years of Life Lost Before Age 50
Causes of Premature Death
Influence of Early Deaths on Life Expectancy at Birth
Conclusions
2 Poorer Health Throughout Life
Health Across the Life Course
Children and Adolescents
Adults
Conclusions
Page xviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2013. U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13497.
×
PART II: EXPLAINING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
3 Framing the Question
The Determinants of Health
The Social-Ecological Framework
A Life-Course Perspective
Conclusions
4 Public Health and Medical Care Systems
Defining Systems of Care
Question 1: Do Public Health and Medical Care Systems Affect Health Outcomes?
Question 2: Are U.S. Health Systems Worse Than Those in Other High-Income Countries?
Question 3: Do U.S. Health Systems Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
What U.S. Health Systems Cannot Explain
Conclusions
5 Individual Behaviors
Tobacco Use
Diet
Physical Inactivity
Alcohol and Other Drug Use
Sexual Practices
Injurious Behaviors
Conclusions
6 Social Factors
Question 1: Do Social Factors Matter to Health?
Question 2: Are Adverse Social Factors More Prevalent in the United States Than in Other High-Income Countries?
Question 3: Do Differences in Social Factors Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
Conclusions
7 Physical and Social Environmental Factors
Question 1: Do Environmental Factors Matter to Health?
Question 2: Are Environmental Factors Worse in the United States Than in Other High-Income Countries?
Page xix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2013. U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13497.
×
Question 3: Do Environmental Factors Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
Conclusions
8 Policies and Social Values
The Role of Public- and Private-Sector Policies
The Role of Institutional Arrangements on Policies and Programs
Societal Values
Policies for Children and Families
Spending Priorities
Conclusions
PART III: FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
9 Research Agenda
Background
Data Needs
Analytic Methods Development
New Lines of Inquiry
Conclusions
10 Next Steps
Pursue National Health Objectives
Alert the Public
Explore Innovative Policy Options
Looking Ahead
References and Bibliography
Appendixes
A Recommendations of the National Prevention Council and Evidence Cited in Its Report
B Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff
Summary
Introduction
PART I: DOCUMENTING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
1 Shorter Lives
Mortality Rates
Cross-National Differences in Life Expectancy
Survival to Age 50
Years of Life Lost Before Age 50
Causes of Premature Death
Influence of Early Deaths on Life Expectancy at Birth
Conclusions
2 Poorer Health Throughout Life
Health Across the Life Course
Children and Adolescents
Adults
Conclusions
Page xviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2013. U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13497.
×
PART II: EXPLAINING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
3 Framing the Question
The Determinants of Health
The Social-Ecological Framework
A Life-Course Perspective
Conclusions
4 Public Health and Medical Care Systems
Defining Systems of Care
Question 1: Do Public Health and Medical Care Systems Affect Health Outcomes?
Question 2: Are U.S. Health Systems Worse Than Those in Other High-Income Countries?
Question 3: Do U.S. Health Systems Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
What U.S. Health Systems Cannot Explain
Conclusions
5 Individual Behaviors
Tobacco Use
Diet
Physical Inactivity
Alcohol and Other Drug Use
Sexual Practices
Injurious Behaviors
Conclusions
6 Social Factors
Question 1: Do Social Factors Matter to Health?
Question 2: Are Adverse Social Factors More Prevalent in the United States Than in Other High-Income Countries?
Question 3: Do Differences in Social Factors Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
Conclusions
7 Physical and Social Environmental Factors
Question 1: Do Environmental Factors Matter to Health?
Question 2: Are Environmental Factors Worse in the United States Than in Other High-Income Countries?
Page xix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2013. U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13497.
×
Question 3: Do Environmental Factors Explain the U.S. Health Disadvantage?
Conclusions
8 Policies and Social Values
The Role of Public- and Private-Sector Policies
The Role of Institutional Arrangements on Policies and Programs
Societal Values
Policies for Children and Families
Spending Priorities
Conclusions
PART III: FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. HEALTH DISADVANTAGE
9 Research Agenda
Background
Data Needs
Analytic Methods Development
New Lines of Inquiry
Conclusions
10 Next Steps
Pursue National Health Objectives
Alert the Public
Explore Innovative Policy Options
Looking Ahead
References and Bibliography
Appendixes
A Recommendations of the National Prevention Council and Evidence Cited in Its Report
B Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff
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