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Epigraphically sources in India​

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Answered by brainhackergirl13
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Explanation:

The earliest deciphered epigraphy found in India are the Edicts of Ashoka of the 3rd century BCE, written in forms of Prakrit in the Brahmi script. Samanam inscriptions in South India written in Tamil-Brahmi, Bhattiprolu alphabet and the Kadamba alphabet are also of relatively early date. Some Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions discovered at Palani,[3][4] Erode,[5] and Adichanallur,[6] have been claimed to be as ancient as 500 BCE, but so far only the claimed pre-Ashokan inscriptions at Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka have been published academically.[7]

If epigraphy of proto-writing is included, undeciphered markings with symbol systems that may or may not contain linguistic information, there is substantially older epigraphy in the Indus script, which dates back to the early 3rd millennium BC. Two other important archeological classes of symbols are found from the 1st millennium BCE, Megalithic Graffiti Symbols and symbols on punch-marked coins, though most scholars do not consider these to constitute fully linguistic scripts, and their semiotic functions are not well understood.

Writing in Sanskrit (Epigraphical Hybrid Sanskrit, EHS) appears in the 1st to 4th centuries CE.[8] Indian epigraphy becomes more widespread over the 1st millennium, engraved on the faces of cliffs, on pillars, on tablets of stone, drawn in caves and on rocks, some gouged into the bedrock. Later they were also inscribed on palm leaves, coins, Indian copper plate inscriptions, and on temple walls.

Many of the inscriptions are couched in extravagant language, but when the information gained from inscriptions can be corroborated with information from other sources such as still existing monuments or ruins, inscriptions provide insight into India's dynastic history that otherwise lacks contemporary historical records.[9]

Of the 1,00,000 (100,000) odd inscriptions found by the Archaeological Survey of India, about 60,000 were in Tamil Nadu;[10] of these 60,000 inscriptions, only about 5 per cent were in other languages such as Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit and Marathi; the rest were in Tamil. Over 25,000 Kannada inscriptions were unearthed in Karnataka, though an in depth study of many of these is yet to be conducted according to Hampi Kannada University Sociology department Head and Researcher Devara Kondareddy.[11]

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Answered by smartbrainz
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Epigraphy Slide background  Epigraphy is the study of Inscriptions on Rocks, Pillars, Temple walls, Copper plates and other Writing-materials like Stones, Potteries, Metals, Palm leaves, Woods, Conch shells, Clothes, Mural paintings and Coins. It is 'one of the most fascinating' and 'instructive studies'. It deals with 'the art of writing', which 'distinguishes man from animals' and provides us with an 'instrument for conservation' and 'transmission of historical traditions' from generation to generation.

EXPLANATION:

Apart from the Bronze Age Indus script, which is not deciphered and may not be a true script, the first reference to the Indian subcontinent is primarily known as the Ashoka edicts of c. In addition to the other inscriptions in the book, the book of the relics of Piprahwa, the inscription of a Badli pillar and the inscription of the Bhattiprolu relics, the Sohgaura copper plate inscription, the inscription of the Mahasthangarh Brahmi, the legend of the Eran coin and the inscription on Sophyte's silvers. More recent scientists however dated them to later.

In the Brahmi or Tamil-Brahmi script, the inscriptions may be. Royal inscriptions, like Indian copper plate inscriptions, have also been gravitated on copper plates. Ashoka's Edicts contains the script Brahmi, and the regional variant, Tamil-Brahmi, was used in the early inscriptions of the walls of the cave in Tamil Nadu, which later became the Tamil alphabet of the Vatteluttu. The Bhattiprolu Alphabet of the early centuries BCE gave rises to the Telugu-Kannada Alpha alphabet, which became Kannada and Kannada, and a variant Brahmi alphabet of Kadamba.  

Important inscriptions include the 33 inscriptions by Emperor Ashoka in the Ashoka pillars (272 to 231 BC), the Sohgaura inscription on the copper plate (the first known example of the form copper plates and common in Mauria, although the correct time is uncertain) and are included in the inscription Kharavela's (II century BCE), Hathigumpha's inscription in Hatti, Heliodorus's pillar inscription in Besnagar, Rudradaman I's inscription in Junagadh, Nasic inscriptions in Hatti, Rabatak in the inscription in Rabatak, Samudragupta's inlay of Allahabad, Pulakesi I's (634 CE) inscription on the Aihole inscription, Hallmidi inscription on Kannada, Tamil inscription of the copper-plates. Kannada is believed to be the oldest known inscription, known as the Halmidi inscription in the small town of Halmidi nearby, consisting of seven lines formed on sandstone pillars and dates to 450 EC. Nishadi Inscription records that[20] Chandragiri, which is in Old-Kannada, is approximately 50-100 years old and may belong to c. The latter consists of sixteen lines. CE or c 350 350  

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