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Essay on diseases caused by pollution in hindi

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Answered by tejasmba
24

प्रदूषण से होने वाली बीमारियां

प्रदूषण गंभीर मुद्दा बन गया है। और इस कारण हर किसी को अनेक बीमारियों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है। प्रदूषण मतलब गंदगी। प्रदूषण कई प्रकार के होते हैं जैसे वायु-प्रदूषण, जल-प्रदूषण तथा भू-प्रदूषण, ध्वनि-प्रदूषण इत्यादि।

फैक्टरियों से निकलने वाला कचरा तथा अन्य गतिविधियों से उत्पन्न हुए अनेक प्रकार के प्रदूषक, मिट्टी, पानी, हवा/वायु को दूषित करते हैं और इससे मनुष्य प्राणी और जानवरों को कई बीमारियों का सामना करना पड़ता है।

शहरों में बढ़ते वाहनों के प्रदूषण से शहरों में वातावरण और ताजी हवा प्रदूषित होती है, जो सांस लेने के लिए हानिकारक है। प्रदूषित वायु में साँस लेने से मनुष्य को फेफड़ों और श्वास-संबंधी अनेक रोगों का सामना करना पड़ रहा हैं। बड़े-बड़े सीवरेज सिस्टम से गंदा पानी निकलकर नदियों, झरनों तथा महासागरों में मिलता है और यह प्रदूषित जल पीने से पेट संबंधी रोग जैसे कालरा, आंत्र ज्वर, पीलिया फैलते हैं। ध्वनि प्रदूषण सो मानसिक तनाव उत्पन्न होता है। इससे अशांति, बहरापन, चिंता इत्यादि  समस्याओं का सामना करना पड़ता है।

प्रदूषण फैलने का मुख्य कारण कोई और नहीं, खुद मनुष्य ही है। वह खुद स्वयं में के लिए तथा पृथ्वी के अन्य जीवों के लिए प्रदूषण रुपी गड्ढा खोद रहा है। प्रदूषण एक राक्षस की तरह काम कर रहा है, और यह मनुष्य में कैंसर, उच्च रक्तचाप (हाई बी. पी.), सांस की बीमारी, महामारी, गुर्दा रोग, त्वचा रोग आदी का मुख्य कारण है। और इन्हें रोकना सिर्फ मनुष्य के हाथों में हैं। 

Answered by ans81
3
A disease is a condition that impairs the proper functioning of the body or of one of its part. Every living thing, both plants and animals, can succumb to disease. People, for example, are often infected by bacteria, but bacteria, in turn, can be infected by viruses.



Hundreds of different diseases exist. Each has its own particular set of symptoms and signs, clues that enable a physician to diagnose the problem. A symptom is something a patient can detect, such as fever, bleeding or pain. A sign is something a doctor can detect, such as a swollen blood vessel or an enlarged internal body organ.

Every disease has a cause, although the causes of some remain to be discovered. Every disease also displays a cycle of onset, or beginning, course, or time span of affliction, and end, when it disappears or it partially disables or kills its victim.

i. An epidemic disease is one that strikes many persons in a community.

ii. When it strikes the same region year after year it is an endemic disease.



iii. An acute disease has a quick onset and runs a short course. For example an acute heart attacks.

iv. A chronic disease has slow onset and runs sometimes for year. The gradual onset and long course of TB makes it a chronic ailment.

On the basis of their occurrence diseases are of two types: – congenital and acquired disease. Congenital diseases are inborn diseases present from the birth & which are generally inheritable. These diseases occur due to gene or chromosomal mutations, e.g. Colour blindness, thalassemia etc. Detailed study is given in human genetics chapter.

Acquired diseases which are caused by pathogens from infected persons to healthy one are infectious diseases. These occur only after birth & are non-inheritable. Acquired diseases are of two types –



Communicable diseases (Infectious) are those that can be passed among persons such as by means of airborne droplets from a cough or sneeze. Tiny organisms such as bacteria and fungi can produce infectious diseases.

So can viruses. So can tiny worms. Whatever the causative agent might be, it survives in the person it infects and is passed on to another or its eggs are passed on.

Sometimes, a disease-producing organism gets into a person who shows no symptoms of the disease. The symptomatic carrier can then pass the disease on to someone else without even knowing he has it.

Non-communicable diseases (Non-infectious) are caused by malfunctions of the body. These include organ or tissue degeneration, erratic cell growth, and faulty blood formation and flow. Also included are disturbances of the stomach and intestine, the endocrine system, and the urinary and reproductive systems.

Some diseases can be caused by diet deficiencies, lapses in the body’s defense system, or a poorly operating nervous system. Advances in medical science make it possible to prevent and treat many diseases that once caused death
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