essay on Human rights, police and democracy
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Answer:
Police officers as Reiner (1994, p. 722) describes
Police officers must not allow their private interests to interfere with their public position, and it is their responsibility to avoid such conflicts of interests. They must never take advantage of their position for their private interest or that of their families and/or friends. Corruption constitutes a serious criminal offence, as well as being severely damaging to the public image of the police and the authority of the state. Therefore, police must not come in to a position of any form of corruption. Corruption includes the direct or indirect offer and/or acceptance of a gift, money in the return for any act or omission that provides information which stems from the police officers position. The biggest problem with accepting gratuities is based on the principle of “fair distribution of police service and the idea that the provision of policing is deemed to be a public good, which is indivisible, and which everybody has the right to receive” (Tim Newburn, 1999 p 9). The fight against corruption requires the creation of anti corruption policies and codes of conduct. In Australia, we have the Corruption and Crime Commission and it is focused on helping public sector agencies minimise and manage misconduct, improving the integrity of the public sector. It does this by working collaboratively with public sector agencies to increase their ability to effectively deal with misconduct.
Human Rights
The police have particular powers to momentary take peoples’ freedom, to limit their full enjoyment of their rights; for example to stop, question, detain and arrest etc and under extreme circumstances to use lethal force. Police have the discretion to determine how much power may be used when it comes to their powers, however, they must abide by the Rule of Law and the best international standards – such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Police are obliged to protect all citizens equally without discrimination and without distinction as to sex, race, language, colour religion, birth or other statuses. According to the international human right standards, authorities are obliged to provide for “the right to security of person and protection by the state against violence or bodily harm, whether inflicted by government officials or by an individual group or institution” (International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1965, Art 5).
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