essay on population of Uttar Pradesh
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Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in the country, accounting for 16.4 per cent of the country’s population. It
is also the fourth largest state in geographical area covering 6.88 per cent of the country’s geographical area,
encompassing 2,43,290 square kilometers and comprising of 75 districts, 901 development blocks and 200 million
inhabited villages. The density of population in the state is 829 people per square kilometers as against 382 in the
country. The total population of the state was 8.8 crores in 1971. It increased to 11.1 crores in 1981 and then
reported to be 19.9 crores in 2011. The increase, in population in these two decades was almost identical at 25 per
cent. As against this, the national population shows a declining trend from 25 per cent in 1971-81 to 23.8 per cent
in 1981-91 and during 2001-2011 period population decadel growth declining in 20.0 per cent. population in per
centage forms has remained higher than that of the national.
The pace of urbanization has been lower in the state. The level of urbanization has also been lower than most other
states. The numbers of urban centres with more than one lakh population have grown slowly over the last thirty
years. The growth of urban centres with population less than five thousand have, on the other hand, have grown
more significantly and these centres have grown in larger numbers in the western part of the state.
The structure of state income shows that the contribution of primary sector has declined to 41 per cent of the state
income, though the sector still sustain 73 per cent of the total working force. This shows the continued pressure of
the working population in the primary sector. The share of secondary sector, on the other hand, has gone up to 20
per cent of the total state income which now employ 9 per cent of the total workers in the state. It thus shows that
the Uttar Pradesh’s growth has been more capital intensive than labor intensive, more urban based than rural
based and the shift income from primary to other sectors is not accompanied by a corresponding change in
employment pattern.
The distinguishing feature of Uttar Pradesh's economy is its regional imbalances. In terms of economic indicators
like agricultural productivity, infrastructural facilities, industrial growth, the Uttar Pradesh's economy can be
categorized into five regions; Western, Eastern, Central, Ruhelkhand and Hill. The Western Uttar Pradesh is
agriculturally prosperous. It is relatively industrialized and has seen a greater degree of urbanization. At the other
end is Bundelkhand. Low agricultural growth, less number of industrial units, the lesser gross value of industrial
products marks tout his region as the least developed in the state