Physics, asked by deepak143150, 11 months ago


Establish the relation between electric field and electric potential.​

Answers

Answered by jenal
3

Answer:

The relationship between electric field E and scalar potential φ is given as

E=−∇φ

where ∇≡gradient operator.

I am unable to understand from this - sign comes.

It is worthy to quote from Purcell:

The minus sign came in because the electric field points from a region of positive terminal toward a region of negative terminal, whereas the vector ∇φ is defined to so that it points in the direction of increasing φ.

The crux of this quote is that the electric field E points in the direction opposite to the direction of increasing scalar potential φ.

Remember, change in potential energy U is given as

U(x)−U(x0)=−∫xx0F(x)dx.

So, your approach should be the work done against the electric field by an external agent in carrying the charge from point A to B and that would imply the work would be given by negative component of the electric field in the direction of motion .

Explanation:

hope its help you

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