Evolution of modern industry in india sociology
Answers
Before the beginning of modern industrial development, Indian pottery, muslin and silk goods were much in demand.
Traditional handicrafts industry, however, suffered after the advent of the British in India. The British policy of exporting raw material from India to Britain and importing finished goods into India severely hampered growth of industries. This critical scenario improved somewhat after the mid-nineteenth century but the growth of industries was a slow process.
In India, the modern industrial sector on an organised pattern started with the establishment of cotton textile industry in Bombay in 1854 with predominantly Indian capital and enterprise. In 1855, jute industry was started in the Hooghly valley at Rishra near Kolkata, largely with foreign capital and enterprise.
Rail transport made a beginning between Bombay and Thane in 1854. The country’s first paper mill was started at Ballygunj near Kolkata in 1870 and steel was first manufactured by modern methods at Kulti in 1874. The Tata Iron and Steel Company started at Jamshedpur in 1907.
This means that modern industrial sector had its beginning only after the middle of the nineteenth century. The two World Wars gave an impetus to the development of a number of industries, such as chemical, iron and steel, sugar, cement, glass and other consumer goods industries.
The post-independence industrial policy emphasised the attainment of the socio-economic objectives such as employment generation, higher productivity, removal of regional imbalances in development, providing strength to agricultural base, promotion of export-oriented industries and consumer protection. A deliberate policy of locating the industries in economically backward regions has been pursued to reduce regional imbalances in development.
The industrial policies of 1948 and 1956 indicate the direction of the industrial development in India. The process of industrialisation started with the launching of the First Five Year Plan and continued through successive plan periods.
Answer:Industrial development is important for socioeconomic and human development of a country. India, since ancient times, has been famous in the world for its cottage and household industries.
Before the beginning of modern industrial development, Indian pottery, muslin and silk goods were much in demand.
Traditional handicrafts industry, however, suffered after the advent of the British in India. The British policy of exporting raw material from India to Britain and importing finished goods into India severely hampered growth of industries. This critical scenario improved somewhat after the mid-nineteenth century but the growth of industries was a slow process.
In India, the modern industrial sector on an organised pattern started with the establishment of cotton textile industry in Bombay in 1854 with predominantly Indian capital and enterprise. In 1855, jute industry was started in the Hooghly valley at Rishra near Kolkata, largely with foreign capital and enterprise.
Rail transport made a beginning between Bombay and Thane in 1854. The country’s first paper mill was started at Ballygunj near Kolkata in 1870 and steel was first manufactured by modern methods at Kulti in 1874. The Tata Iron and Steel Company started at Jamshedpur in 1907.
This means that modern industrial sector had its beginning only after the middle of the nineteenth century. The two World Wars gave an impetus to the development of a number of industries, such as chemical, iron and steel, sugar, cement, glass and other consumer goods industries.
The post-independence industrial policy emphasised the attainment of the socio-economic objectives such as employment generation, higher productivity, removal of regional imbalances in development, providing strength to agricultural base, promotion of export-oriented industries and consumer protection. A deliberate policy of locating the industries in economically backward regions has been pursued to reduce regional imbalances in development.
The industrial policies of 1948 and 1956 indicate the direction of the industrial development in India. The process of industrialisation started with the launching of the First Five Year Plan and continued through successive plan periods.
Explanation: