Question

evs project of pond ecosystem​

Answer 1

Answer:

An ecosystem is a dynamic complex of plant, animal, and microorganism communities

and the nonliving environment, interacting as a functional unit. Remember that the

organisms living in an ecosystem are broken down into categories: producers, consumers,

and decomposers.

A pond is a quiet body of water that is too small for wave action and too shallow

for major temperature differences from top to bottom. It usually has a muddy or silty

bottom with aquatic plants around the edges and throughout. However, it is often

difficult to classify the differences between a pond and a lake, since the two terms are

artificial and the ecosystems really exist on a continuum. Generally, in a pond, the

temperature changes with the air temperature and is relatively uniform. Lakes are similar

to ponds, but because they are larger, temperature layering or stratification takes place in

summer and winter, and these layers turnover in spring and fall.

Ponds get their energy from the sun. As with other ecosystems, plants are the

primary producers. The chlorophyll in aquatic plants captures energy from the sun to

convert carbon dioxide and water to organic compounds and oxygen through the process

of photosynthesis. Nitrogen and phosphorus are important nutrients for plants. The

addition of these substances may increase primary productivity. However, too many

nutrients can cause algal blooms, leading to eutrophication (Read Ponds &

Eutrophication for more information).

Producers

• Phytoplankton, literally “wandering plants,” are microscopic

algae that float in the open water and give it a green

appearance. They carry out photosynthesis using carbon

dioxide that is dissolved in the water and release oxygen that

is used by the bacteria and animals in the pond.

Phytoplankton are not actually plants-they are protists!

• Periphytic algae are microscopic algae that attach themselves to substrates and

give the rocks and sticks a greenish brown

slimy appearance. They also carry out

photosynthesis and produce oxygen, often

near the bottom of the pond where it can be

used by decomposers.

• Submerged plants grow completely under

water

• Floating plants include plants that float on

the surface and plants that are rooted on the

bottom of the pond but have leaves and/or

stems that float.

• Emergent plants are rooted in shallow water

but their stems and leaves are above water

Explanation: