examine the ways in which liberalism and nationalism became associated with revolutions in many regions across Europe. give examples
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lain the development of nationalism and liberalism in Europe during the period 1815-30.
During the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, liberalism and nationalism were spreading throughout Europe. In 1815, the powers met at Vienna for uprooting these two ideas in Europe. However, these forces were still growing during the period 1815-30.
In 1815, the Vienna Settlement tried to uproot nationalism and liberalism. The powers believed that these two forces would weaken their power and even lead to the collapse of their multi-racial empires. Therefore, Vienna Settlement was a tool for suppressing these ideas. On nationalism, the powers aimed at suppressing this idea in Poland, Germany and Italy where Napoleon had once unified them before 1815. The Vienna Settlement placed Poland under Russian rule, Germany was divided into 39 German States and controlled by Prussia and Austria under the German Confederation while Italy was divided into 8 parts, most of them were ruled by foreigners, especially Austrian. On liberalism, kings were restored in Spain, France and some Italian states. It was believed that those kings would suppress liberalism because they did not like liberalism, which was represented, by the French Revolution and Napoleonic Empire.
However, the two forces continued to grow because of the following reasons. Firstly, the industrial change encouraged the development of nationalism. At that time, railway, unified measurement and currency helped the development of trade. On the other hand, they also stimulated nationalism because sense of belonging was developed. Moreover, industrial change led to the rise of bourgeoisie who would ask for political liberalism; i.e. democracy, economic liberalism; i.e. free trade, and human rights. All these facilitated the development of liberalism in Europe. Secondly, Romantic Movement also helped the two forces. Romanticism stressed on the feeling of freedom and tradition and hence stimulated liberalism and nationalism. Lastly, successful examples of revolt also encouraged other people to start revolutions for liberalism and nationalism.
Therefore, after 1815, nationalism and liberalism led to many revolts. In 1820, there were liberal revolts for constitution in Spain and Italian states. In 1830, Belgian revolt was successful in getting independence from the control of Holland. Besides, Bourbon rule in France was ended in the same year. Yet, the revolts in Italian states were failed. Nevertheless, all these revolts showed that nationalism and liberalism were not uprooted; on the contrary, they were growing stronger and stronger in Europe.
In summary, the development of nationalism and liberalism in Europe during the period 1815-30 showed that these two forces were growing. Although the Vienna Settlement tried to uproot these ideas, several factors helped the spread of these forces and hence led to many revolts thereafter.
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During the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, liberalism and nationalism were spreading throughout Europe. In 1815, the powers met at Vienna for uprooting these two ideas in Europe. However, these forces were still growing during the period 1815-30.
In 1815, the Vienna Settlement tried to uproot nationalism and liberalism. The powers believed that these two forces would weaken their power and even lead to the collapse of their multi-racial empires. Therefore, Vienna Settlement was a tool for suppressing these ideas. On nationalism, the powers aimed at suppressing this idea in Poland, Germany and Italy where Napoleon had once unified them before 1815. The Vienna Settlement placed Poland under Russian rule, Germany was divided into 39 German States and controlled by Prussia and Austria under the German Confederation while Italy was divided into 8 parts, most of them were ruled by foreigners, especially Austrian. On liberalism, kings were restored in Spain, France and some Italian states. It was believed that those kings would suppress liberalism because they did not like liberalism, which was represented, by the French Revolution and Napoleonic Empire.
However, the two forces continued to grow because of the following reasons. Firstly, the industrial change encouraged the development of nationalism. At that time, railway, unified measurement and currency helped the development of trade. On the other hand, they also stimulated nationalism because sense of belonging was developed. Moreover, industrial change led to the rise of bourgeoisie who would ask for political liberalism; i.e. democracy, economic liberalism; i.e. free trade, and human rights. All these facilitated the development of liberalism in Europe. Secondly, Romantic Movement also helped the two forces. Romanticism stressed on the feeling of freedom and tradition and hence stimulated liberalism and nationalism. Lastly, successful examples of revolt also encouraged other people to start revolutions for liberalism and nationalism.
Therefore, after 1815, nationalism and liberalism led to many revolts. In 1820, there were liberal revolts for constitution in Spain and Italian states. In 1830, Belgian revolt was successful in getting independence from the control of Holland. Besides, Bourbon rule in France was ended in the same year. Yet, the revolts in Italian states were failed. Nevertheless, all these revolts showed that nationalism and liberalism were not uprooted; on the contrary, they were growing stronger and stronger in Europe.
In summary, the development of nationalism and liberalism in Europe during the period 1815-30 showed that these two forces were growing. Although the Vienna Settlement tried to uproot these ideas, several factors helped the spread of these forces and hence led to many revolts thereafter.
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