EXERCISE 3.1
1. Given here are some figures.
Fig 3.7
(1)
(3)
Classify each of them on the basis of the following.
(a) Simple curve
(b) Simple closed curve (c) Polygon
(d) Convex polygon
(e) Concave polygon
2. How many diagonals does each of the following have?
(a) A convex quadrilateral (b) A regular hexagon (c) A triangle
What is the sum of the measures of the angles of a convex quadrilateral? Will this property
hold if the quadrilateral is not convex? (
Make a non-convex quadrilateral and try!
Examine the table. (Each figure is divided into triangles and the sum of the angles
deduced from that.)
Figure
Side
Angle sum
1800
2 x 180° 3 x 180° 4x 180°
= (4-2) x 180º = (5-2) x 180°) = (6-2) x 180°
Answers
Answer:
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Answer:
Question 1: Given here are some figures
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 : Understanding quadrilaterals Ex 3.1
Classify each of them on the basis of the following.
(a) Simple curve
(b) Simple closed curve
(c) Polygon
(d) Convex polygon
(e) Concave polygon
Answer(a) 1, 2, 5, 6, 7
(b) 1, 2, 5, 6, 7
(c) 1, 2
(d) 2
(e) 1
Question 2- How many diagonals does each of the following have?
(a) A convex quadrilateral
(b) A regular hexagon
(c) A triangle
Answer -
(a) There are 2 diagonals in a convex quadrilateral.
(b) There are 9 diagonals in a regular hexagon.
(c) A triangle does not have any diagonal in it.
Question 3- What is the sum of the measures of the angels of a convex quadrilateral? Will this property hold if the quadrilateral is not convex? (Make a non-convex quadrilateral and try!)
Answer - The sum of the measures of the angles of a convex quadrilateral is 360° as a convex quadrilateral is made of two triangles.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 : Understanding quadrilaterals
In above convex quadrilateral, it made of two triangles. Therefore, the sum of all the interior angles of this quadrilateral will be same as the sum of all the interior angles of these two triangles i.e., 180º + 180º = 360º
This property also holds true for a quadrilateral which is not convex. This is because any quadrilateral can be divided into two triangles.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 : Understanding quadrilaterals
Here again, above concave quadrilateral is made of two triangles. Therefore, sum of all the interior angles of this quadrilateral will also be 180º + 180º = 360º
Question 4- Examine the table. (Each figure is divided into triangles and the sum of the angles deduced from that.)
Chapter 3 Ex 3.1 Class 8 Maths
What can you say about the angle sum of a convex polygon with number of sides?
(a) 7
(b) 8
(c) 10
(d) n
Answer
From the table, it can be observed that the angle sum of a convex polygon of n sides is (n −2) × 180º.
So the angle sum of the convex polygons having number of sides as above will be as follows.
(a) (7 − 2) × 180º = 900°
(b) (8 − 2) × 180º = 1080°
(c) (10 − 2) × 180º = 1440°
(d) (n − 2) × 180°
Question 5- What is a regular polygon?
State the name of a regular polygon of
(i) 3 sides
(ii) 4 sides
(iii) 6 sides
Answer - A polygon with equal sides and equal angles is called a regular polygon.
(i) Equilateral Triangle
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 : Understanding quadrilaterals
(ii) Square
Square| Class 8 Maths chapter 3 Ex 3.1
(iii) Regular Hexagon
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.1
Question 6- Find the angle measure x in the following figures.
NCERT Solutions Chapter 3 Exercise 3.1 Maths
Answer
(a)
Sum of the measures of all interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360°. Therefore, in the given quadrilateral,
50° + 130° + 120° + x = 360°
300° + x = 360°
x = 60°
(b)
Let the other unknown angle be p,then 90 and p forms a linear pair
90º + p = 180º (Linear pair)
p = 180º − 90º = 90º
Sum of the measures of all interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360º. Therefore, in the given quadrilateral,
60° + 70° + x + 90° = 360°
220° + x = 360°
x = 140°
(c)
Let the other unknown angle be p and q in the pentagon,
then
70 + p = 180° (Linear pair)
p = 110°
60° + q = 180° (Linear pair)
q = 120°
Sum of the measures of all interior angles of a pentagon is
=540º.
Therefore, in the given pentagon,
120° + 110° + 30° + x + x = 540°
260° + 2x = 540°
2x = 280°
x = 140°
(d)
Sum of the measures of all interior angles of a pentagon is 540º.
5x = 540°
x = 108°
Question 7
(a)find x+y+z
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Understanding quadrilaterals Ex 3.1
(b)find x+y+z+w
Ex 3.1 NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Understanding quadrilaterals
Answer
(a) x + 90° = 180° (Linear pair)
x = 90°
z + 30° = 180° (Linear pair)
z = 150°
y = 90° + 30° (Exterior angle theorem)
y = 120°
x + y + z = 90° + 120° + 150° = 360°
(b)
Sum of the measures of all interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360º. Therefore, in the given quadrilateral,
a + 60° + 80° + 120° = 360°
a + 260° = 360°
a = 100°
x + 120° = 180° (Linear pair)
x = 60°
y + 80° = 180° (Linear pair)
y = 100°
z + 60° = 180° (Linear pair)
z = 120°
w + 100° = 180° (Linear pair)
w = 80°
Sum of the measures of all interior angles = x + y + z + w
= 60° + 100° + 120° + 80°
= 360°
Step-by-step explanation: