Exercise
A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.
1. What were the conditions in India just before the rise of Buddhism and Jainism?
2. Why is Bodh Gaya important in the context of the rise of Buddhism?
3. Name at least two regions outside India where Buddhism spread.
4. What do you understand by the Buddha's middle path?
5. What were the three jewels' offered by the Buddha to his followers?
6. What is meant by ahimsa? Has it any importance today?
7. Explain the terms 'kaivalya' and 'Jina'.
8. Name three regions in India where Jainism became popular.
9. Who are the Shwetambaras and Digambaras?
10. Why were traders attracted to Buddhism and Jainism?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
1. Reaction against Ritualism
2. it is the place where Gautama Buddha is said to have attained Enlightenment
3. Afghanistan, Central Asia, and China
4. Gautama Buddha used to describe the character of the Noble Eightfold Path that he discovered.
5.The Three Jewels of Buddhism are Buddha, dharma, and sangha
6.According to Kaneda, the term Ahimsa is an important spiritual doctrine shared by Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.
7.-kaivalya:the ultimate goal of aṣṭāṅga yoga and means "solitude", "detachment" or "isolation", a vrddhi-derivation from kevala "alone, isolated". It is the isolation of purusha from prakṛti, and liberation from rebirth, i.e., Moksha
Jina:- one who according to Jainism has conquered temporal and material existence through self-discipline and attained a transcendent and external state of bliss especially : one venerated as a tirthankara.
8.Three regions in India where Jainism became popular are Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
9.Jains are separated into two significant groups; the Digambara (which means sky clad) order and the Svetambara (which means white clad) faction. Every one of these orders is likewise separated into subgroups. The two groups concede to the essentials of Jainism, however differ on: subtleties of the life of Mahavira.
10.The mercantile community was attracted by the rigorous asceticism and religious life of the Jains and adopted the Jain way of life. Being bound by a sense of fraternity they formed business guilds for smooth conduct of business. These wealthy merchants patronized Jainism to a great extent