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expansion the brief the merger of princely states

Answer 1

A princely state, also called native state (legally, under the British) or Indian state (for those states on the subcontinent), was a vassal state[1] under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj. Though the history of the princely states of the subcontinent dates from at least the classical period of Indian history, the predominant usage of the term princely state specifically refers to a semi-sovereign principality on the Indian subcontinent during the British Raj that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by a local ruler, subject to a form of indirect rule on some matters; similar political entities also existed on or in the region of the Arabian Peninsula, in Africa and in Malaya, and which were similarly recognised under British rule,[2] subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the British Crown. Oman, Zanzibar and the Trucial States were also under the Viceroy of India, and were administered by their rulers in the same manner as the Indian princely states, as part of the Persian Gulf Residency; they were officially categorised as British protectorates, with differing degrees of autonomy.

Answer 2

Answer:

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Answered

Explain in brief about the merger of princely states of India.

Asked by Bhaveshparma081 | 22nd Feb, 2019, 09:15: AM

Expert Answer:

One of the features of the Indian Independence Act was to give autonomy to princely states in India in deciding if they wanted to join India or Pakistan or to remain independent. Most of the Indian princely states decided to join India except three: Junagarh, Hyderabad and Kashmir.

Junagarh: The Nawab of Junagarh, a princely state located on the south-western end of Gujrat chose to accede to Pakistan. The Indian government pointed out that the 80% of the people in Junagarh were Hindus, and called for a plebiscite to decide the question of accession. Simultaneously, they cut off supplies of fuel and coal to Junagadh, severed air and postal links, sent troops to the frontier. A plebiscite was conducted in February 1948, in which people of Junagarh voted to join India.

Hyderabad: One major exception was that of Hyderabad, where the Nizam,Osman Ali Khan, a Muslim ruler who presided over a largely Hindu population, chose independence. Sardar patel decided to annex Hyderabad in what was termed a “police action”. Saradar Patel initiated the police action September 1948, with direct control of Home ministry and the operation took five days, in which the Razakars were defeated easily.

Kashmir: At the time of the transfer of power, Kashmir was ruled by Maharaja Hari Singh, a Hindu, although the state itself had a Muslim majority. The Maharaja wanted to remain independent. However, after an attack of Pakistan’s irregular army, the Maharaja sought help from India. The Indian troops reached Kashmir but cease fire was declared and later the Kashmir issue was taken to the UN. The northern and western portions of Kashmir came under Pakistan’s control in 1947