experiment of study of root stem and leaf with diagram.
Answers
Answer:
Experiment:
Objective:
To study the external features of root, stem, leaf and flower of monocot and dicot plants.
Apparatus and materials required:
Glass slides, forceps, hand lens, scissors, dissecting microscope, a complete monocot plant such as onion or paddy or wheat or maize, and a complete dicot plant such as mustard or sunflower or pea.
Theory:The flowering plants, or angiosperms, are differentiated into root, stem, leaves and flowers. They bear seeds enclosed in a fruit. They are divided into monocotyledons and dicotyledons on the basis of the kind of seeds they bear. Monocotyledons bear seeds which have a single cotyledon. The seeds of dicotyledons have two cotyledons.
Procedure:
1. Take a monocot plant. Separate root, stem, a leaf and a flower of this plant with the help of scissors and place these parts on different slides separately with forceps.
2. Then take a dicot plant and repeat the process.
3. Now observe and compare the external features of root, stem, a leaf and a flower of the monocot and dicot plants using hand lens and subsequently by dissecting microscope.
Observation:
Root:
Identifying features of root:
1. The part of a plant that generally develops from the radicle of embryo is called root.
2. It fixes the plant firmly into the ground and provides rigidity against wind and water.
3. It absorbs water and minerals from soil.
4. It grows towards the centre of gravity, i.e., it is positively geotropic.
5. It possesses unicellular root hairs.
6. It normally grows away from light, i.e., it is negatively phototropic.
7. It does not bear buds, leaves and flowers, and lacks nodes and internodes.
8. The root has four regions from the apex to the base:and we can identify the two types monocot and dicot
Answer:
Root
1. The part of a plant that generally develops from the radicle of embryo is called root.
2. It fixes the plant firmly into the ground and provides rigidity against wind and water.
3. It absorbs water and minerals from soil.
4. It grows towards the centre of gravity, i.e., it is positively geotropic.
5. It possesses unicellular root hairs.
6. It normally grows away from light, i.e., it is negatively phototropic.
7. It does not bear buds, leaves and flowers, and lacks nodes and internodes.
8. The root has four regions from the apex to the base
(i) Root cap
(ii) Region of cell division (apical meristem)
(iii) Region of elongation
(iv) Region of maturation
9. The root cap protects the growing root apex while the main growing region of the root lies just behind the root cap.
Leaf
. It is the lateral appendage of the stem that arises at the node.
2. It bears a bud in its axil.
3. It is attached to the stem with the help of a structure called the leaf base.
4. A stalk called petiole develops from the leaf base which bears a green flattened structure called lamina.
5. Lamina, or leaf blade, has midrib, veins, and leaf apex and leaf margin.
6. The leaves are grouped into two categories—simple and compound—on the basis of incision. Simple leaves have a single lamina. When the incision of the lamina goes down to the midrib, the leaf becomes compound having a number of leaf segments called leaflets.
7. The main functions of leaves are synthesis of food (photosynthesis), transpiration, and exchange of gases through its pores called stomata.
8. Sometimes leaves get modified for storage, defense, support, reproduction and trapping insects.I
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