Question

Explain about the art and architecture of vijayanagar and bahmani kingdom.

Answer 1

Vijayanagara architecture (Kannada: of 1336–1565CE was a notable building idiom that developed during the rule of the imperial Hindu Vijayanagar Empire. The empire ruled South India, from their regal capital at Vijayanagara, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in modern Karnataka, India. The empire built temples, monuments, palaces and other structures across South India, with a largest concentration in its capital. The monuments in and around Hampi, in the Vijayanagaraprincipality, are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

In addition to building new temples, the empire added new structures and made modifications to hundreds of temples across South India. Some structures at Vijayanagara are from the pre-Vijayanagara period. The Mahakuta hill temples are from the Western Chalukya era. The region around Hampi had been a popular place of worship for centuries before the Vijayanagara period with earliest records dating from 689 CE when it was known as Pampa Tirtha after the local river God Pampa.

There are hundreds of monuments in the core area of the capital city. Of these, 56 are protected by UNESCO, 654 monuments are protected by the government of Karnataka and another 300 await protection.[1]


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Answer 2

The Bahmani kingdom was ended by Vijaynagar Empire. Art and architecture under the Bahamanis did not flourish as much during Vijaynagar Empire. The most significant piece of work under Bahmani is Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur. Important buildings constructed at Gulbarga, Bidar and Bijapur.

The art and architecture under Vijaynagar Empire was hugely growing. Two different types of architecture were introduced under them –

Dravidian

Indo Saracenic

The Dravidian style was characterized by gopuras, Kalyan mandapam, seshagiris, forts etc. Important examples of Dravidian Temples are Rameshwaram temple, Srirangam Temple. One important fort if this period is Vellore Fort.