Explain about the hardware components of general-purpose computers
Answers
Answer:Motherboard with RAM
Choosing the right motherboard is very important, as all of the other components slot into this piece of hardware, so you have to ensure that everything is compatible with each other. For a general purpose computer, you won't need a top-of-the-line motherboard, but if you want to avoid upgrading too soon again it is best to go for a model that can accommodate all the latest technology. This will prevent you from having to replace the motherboard if, for instance, you decide to upgrade the CPU. For a general purpose computer, an integrated motherboard that has the graphics card, sound card and network card on-board should be the cheapest option, so you won't need to buy those cards separately. Also be sure to ask for compatible RAM when you purchase a motherboard. The amount of RAM influences your system performance, so what you choose will depend on how fast you require the computer to be.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
As it is the "brain" of your PC, the CPU is one of its most important components. The processor determines what your computer is capable of and how fast it processes tasks. Modern-day CPUs all have multiple cores, which means it can process different tasks simultaneously. The more cores, the faster the CPU will be -- but it will also be more expensive. For a general purpose computer, a dual core should be sufficient unless you are planning to do very intensive video and photo editing.
Storage
Every computer needs a storage component, and for a general purpose computer a hard disk drive should be sufficient. Other options include a solid state drive or a hybrid between a SSD and a regular hard disk drive. These options are more expensive than a normal hard drive, although both are a bit faster at finding data as they make use of flash memory. As of 2013, hard disk drives can store capacities of up to four terabytes, but a general purpose computer doesn't need that much unless you work with large video and image files that take up a lot of space.
Power Supply
The power supply is the device that converts power from your outlet to the other components, so each component gets what it needs. Each piece of hardware in the computer has other power requirements, and the power supply has to provide that. The more components in your computer, the more power they need to draw, and the higher the required capacity of your power supply. For a general purpose computer, a 350-Watt power supply should be sufficient. However, don't skimp on your power supply and buy the cheapest out there unless your area has a very stable power connection. High-end power supplies have extra built-in safety features to protect the system from power surges.
Explanation:
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Components of Computer:
There are 5 basis components of computer, which helps computer system to run properly without any interruption. A computer system is designed in such a way that, every byte of information inputted should be processed properly, Such that user should get the required output. A computer system data transferring is very fast and efficient, so it takes a time less than a second to process and show the output.
Types of computer:
i) Micro computer
ii) Macro computer
iii) Mini computer
iv) Mainframe computer
v) Supercomputer
5 Basics components of computer:
i) Input Unit
Data and instructions should be first enter in the computer system to get the task done. Without entering any input in the computer system, computer cannot do any task and any function.
Eg: If we move our "mouse" from one position to other, then the data in the form of input is sent to the computer unit and processor. Processor processes the information and gives us the result. To know, where we are browsing, there is inbuilt function of mouse, this helps users to know where the mouse cursor is.
Suppose you click on start menu in computer using your mouse, then the information in the form of binary code is sent to the processor. Processor gives the output on the monitor. And, hence we can see our start menu.
- Input units reads the data provided from external environment.
- This data in the form of binary code is sent to the computer unit.
- Computer unit processes the information and provides the necessary output to the user.
ii) Output unit
The output unit is reverse of the input unit. When the processor sends the output to the output unit. Then the output unit converts the information provided by computer system from binary language to humans language. In this process, data is sent in external environment like monitor and sound.
Eg: When input units send the request of opening any webpage to computer system, computer system loads the webpage in memory and it is later provided to output unit. And hence, output unit like monitor can provide us the webpage interface.
- It accepts the information provided by computer system in binary codes.
- But, we humans can't understand that language, So, Output unit converts the information from binary language to Humans language.
- Output unit includes Monitor, Sound system etc.
iii) Storage unit
When the data and instructions are entered in the computer system using input system, the computer stores that data before processing it and giving it to processor. When the computer processes our data and instructions, then it provides this data to the output unit. But, the provided data is also stored in somewhere in the computer system; To perform this all works and functions, Storage unit of a computer system has been designed.
- Storing the data and information in memory provided to output unit as a history.
- Processing the files required to output unit while using programs, applications and games from storage devices.
iv) Central processing unit (CPU)
CPU is the most important component of the computer system. It controls the all internal and external devices and their functions. Parts like motherboard, ram, storage device, processors are present in this CPU. CPU performs all the Arithmetic and Logical operations of computer. In short, The control Unit and the Arithmetic and Logic unit of a computer system joined together is called as "Central Processing Unit".
- Arithmetic logical unit and Logical unit are the important components of this system.
- Architecture of computer is designed in this CPU, such that, only supported devices can perform the operations. Like CPU designed by IBM cannot be used to run Mac OS.
v) Arithmetic and Logic unit (ALU)
All calculations, comparisons, processing and tasks are done in ALU. It consists of circuits in which arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication etc are performed. While processing the data, ALU receives the data from the temporary storage. In temporary storage, their is a function called as "register". This register is very high speed memory which controls all the functions and provides the data to the ALU.
- ALU is an important component of CPU.
- ALU receives the data for processing from the temporary storage from the files called as "registers".
- All processing and computations are done by the ALU.
Hardware components:
- Monitor
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- CD ROM
- CPU
- Colling fan
- Mouse pad
- Speaker
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