Explain. An accident in nuclear power plant can be very fatal
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Answers
Three Mile Island Accident
(March 2020)
- In 1979 at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in USA a cooling malfunction caused part of the core to melt in the #2 reactor. The TMI-2 reactor was destroyed.
- Some radioactive gas was released a couple of days after the accident, but not enough to cause any dose above background levels to local residents.
- There were no injuries or adverse health effects from the Three Mile Island accident.
The Three Mile Island power station is near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in USA. It had two pressurized water reactors. TMI-1, a PWR of 800 MWe (775 MWe net) entered service in 1974, and remains one of the best-performing units in the USA. TMI-2 was of 906 MWe (880 MWe net) and almost brand new at the time of the accident.
TMI-Three Mile Island 2The accident to unit 2 happened at 4 am on 28 March 1979 when the reactor was operating at 97% power. It involved a relatively minor malfunction in the secondary cooling circuit which caused the temperature in the primary coolant to rise. This in turn caused the reactor to shut down automatically. Shut down took about one second. At this point a relief valve failed to close, but instrumentation did not reveal the fact, and so much of the primary coolant drained away that the residual decay heat in the reactor core was not removed. The core suffered severe damage as a result.
The operators were unable to diagnose or respond properly to the unplanned automatic shutdown of the reactor. Deficient control room instrumentation and inadequate emergency response training proved to be root causes of the accident .