Question

Explain any five of the following ter
(a) Australopithecus
(b) Quriltai
Enclosure
(e) Mesopotamia
Native​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Australopithecus (/ˌɒstrələˈpɪθɪkəs, -loʊ-/ OS-trə-lo-PITH-i-kəs;[1] from Latin australis, meaning 'southern', and Greek πίθηκος (pithekos), meaning 'ape'), informal australopithecine or australopith (although the term australopithecine has a broader meaning as a member of the subtribe Australopithecina, [2][3] which includes this genus as well as the Paranthropus, Kenyanthropus,[4] Ardipithecus,[4] and Praeanthropus genera) [5] is a genus of hominins.

Kurultai

Description

DescriptionKurultai was a political and military council of ancient Mongol and some Turkic chiefs and khans. The root of the word is khur- "gather", from which is formed khural meaning "meeting" or "assembly" in Turkic and Mongolian languages.

Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.[1]

The Sumerians and Akkadians (including Assyrians and Babylonians) dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of written history (c. 3100 BC) to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC, when it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire. It fell to Alexander the Great in 332 BC, and after his death, it became part of the Greek Seleucid Empire.

Around 150 BC, Mesopotamia was under the control of the Parthian Empire. Mesopotamia became a battleground between the Romans and Parthians, with western parts of Mesopotamia coming under ephemeral Roman control. In AD 226, the eastern regions of Mesopotamia fell to the Sassanid Persians. The division of Mesopotamia between Roman (Byzantine from AD 395) and Sassanid Empires lasted until the 7th century Muslim conquest of Persia of the Sasanian Empire and Muslim conquest of the Levant from Byzantines. A number of primarily neo-Assyrian and Christian native Mesopotamian states existed between the 1st century BC and 3rd century AD, including Adiabene, Osroene, and Hatra.

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