explain any four major problem associated with the food security in India
Answers
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(i) In spite of surplus food-grains stock, it is also a reality that a vast number of people do not have enough money to feed themselves twice a day. Even in 1999-), 20% of the people of India were below the poverty line.
(ii) Though the percentage of people below poverty line declined substantially from 36% in 1993-94 to 20% in 1999-2000, yet in absolute number it was 210 million which by no means is a small number.
(iii) There has been a gradual shift from cultivation of food crops to cultivation of fruits, vegetables, oil seeds, and crops which act also as industrial raw materials. This had led to the reduction in net sown area under cereals, millets and pulses.
(iv) The use of more and more land for construction of factories, ware-houses and shelters has reduced the land under cultivation and now fertile land for farming, is no longer available.
Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals’ access to it. The final report of the 1996 World Food Summit states that food security “exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”.