explain any three basic requirements of a settlements and give examples in 100 to 120 words
Answers
The three basic requirements of a settlements are -
1. TOPOGRAPHY - Topography is a detailed map of the surface features of land. It includes the mountains, hills, creeks, and other bumps and lumps on a particular hunk of earth.
Topographic factors refer to the physical feature of a region and are placed under abiotic factors of the ecosystem. It includes altitude of the region, direction of slopes and steepness of slope.
2. AVAILABILITY OF WATER - India is diverse country with different types of climate and terrain. The fresh water resources in southern India are low as compared to the northern India. Rajasthan is a drought prone area with low amount of precipitation. On the contrary, in the north eastern states rains even become a cause of devastating floods. Therefore, The availability of water resources varies over time and place in India.
The increasing population creates more demand for water. More number of wells and bores will be dug out to meet the demands of the growing population. Increasing population means more number of industries, constructions of buildings and roads, pavements etc. All these activities decrease the seepage of water into the ground. To meet the food needs of the growing population, the agriculture industry should also be increased. Increase in agriculture activities utilises water mainly from rainwater, canal water or underground water. In some places where there is less rainfall, agriculture mainly depends on the round water causing depletion of water table.
3. SCENIC BEAUTY - Resources drawn from Nature and used without much modification are free gifts of nature and can be used directly. In some cases tools and technology may be needed to use a natural resource in the best possible way.
The United Nation High Commission for Refugees has conduct a survey in 2004 and according to their reports, more than 20 million refugees are living worldwide and 25 million people were displaced from their birthplace within the border of their own country.
They are known as internally displaced persons or IDPs.
In this case, a well defined settlement is necessary to provide adequate supports to these refugees.