Question

Explain any three with an example to support evidence in factor of evolution

Answer 1

the examples of evidence for evolution are as follows :-

1)homologous organs .

• The organs which has same basic structure or same basic design but perform different functions are called homologous organs.

• Example - Forelimbs of frog; human; lizard; bat or bird

2) Analogous organs-

• organs which have different basic structures but have similar appearance and perform similar functions are called analogous organs.

• for example :- wings of insect and birds

3)fossils-

• Fossils are the remains or Impressions of Dead animals or plants that live in the remote past

• For example- Archaeopteryx

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Answer 2

Evolution is the sequence of gradual changes which takes place in

primitive organisms over millions of years and new organisms are formed.

The evidence in factor of evolution are so follow :

1. Evolution cannot be equated with the progress from lower form of to higher form. It seems to have given rise to more Complex body design even while the simple body designs continue to flourish. For example, human beings have not evolved from chimpanzees but both have common ancestors. Some bacteria can survive in extreme cold or heat where many modern organisms even cannot survive.

2. homologous organs characteristics helps to identify and evolutionary relationship between divifferent species. The characteristics of thses organs in different organisms would be similar because they are inherited from a common ancestors. For example, fore limbs of mammals have same basic structure design so the wind of birds, however thier functions get modified.

3. Fossils and their study is useful in knowing about about the species which are no longer alive. They provide evidence and missing links between two classes. they are also helpful in forming A sequence of organisms in the party of evolution. Thus, what is having importance in deciding evolutionary relationship.

4. Archaeopteryx is a Fossil bird. It had feathers fused bones and beak which are exclusively bird structure. it also had some feathers which are found in reptiles example teeth in jaw, claws on free fingers and a long tail. This fossil provide a clue that birds have evolved from reptiles.

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