Question

Explain briefly about the PCR.

Answer 1

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✭✮ӇЄƦЄ ƖƧ ƳƠƲƦ ƛƝƧƜЄƦ✭✮
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PCR➠ A ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪϙᴜᴇ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ ɴᴜᴍᴇʀᴏᴜꜱ ᴄᴏᴘɪᴇꜱ ᴏғ ᴀ ꜱᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ ꜱᴇɢᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ DNA ϙᴜɪᴄᴋʟʏ & ᴀᴄᴄᴜʀᴀᴛᴇʟʏ.


☞ Iᴛ ᴍᴇᴀɴꜱ "Pᴏʟʏᴍᴇʀᴀꜱᴇ ᴄʜᴀɪɴ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ".

☞ Iᴛ ɪꜱ ᴠᴇʀʏ ᴘʀᴇᴄɪꜱᴇ & ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴄᴏᴘʏ ᴀ ꜱᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ DNA ᴛᴀʀɢᴇᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ DNA ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴇꜱ.

☞ Tʜᴇ ʜɪɢʜ ꜱᴇɴꜱɪᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ᴏғ PCR ᴘᴇʀᴍɪᴛꜱ ᴠɪʀᴜꜱ ᴅᴇᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ꜱᴏᴏɴ ᴀғᴛᴇʀ ɪɴғᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ & ᴇᴠᴇɴ ʙᴇғᴏʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏɴꜱᴇᴛ ᴏғ ᴅɪꜱᴇᴀꜱᴇ.

☞ Iᴛ ɪꜱ ᴏғᴛᴇɴ ᴄᴏɴꜱɪᴅᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀꜱ ᴏɴᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏꜱᴛ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴛ ꜱᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪғɪᴄ ᴀᴅᴠᴀɴᴄᴇꜱ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ғɪᴇʟᴅ ᴏғ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴀʀ ʙɪᴏʟᴏɢʏ. 

☞ Iᴛ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴀʀᴇᴀꜱ ᴏғ ʙɪᴏʟᴏɢʏ & ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄɪɴᴇ, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴀʀ ʙɪᴏʟᴏɢʏ ʀᴇꜱᴇᴀʀᴄʜ & ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄᴀʟ.

Answer 2

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

PCR, developed by Kary Mullis attempts to artificially replicate the DNA fragments. It is used to amplify a gene of interest thousand times to detect and identify pathogens during infections.

Working of PCR

There are three steps involved in the amplification of a gene. They are explained below:

1) Denaturation :

The double stranded DNA is heated to a temperature so that the two strands of DNA separates.

2) Annealing  :

The temperature is lowered so that the DNA primers can attach to the DNA template  

3) Extending  :

The temperature is raised again in this step to facilitate the synthesis of new DNA template via DNA primers , with the help of Taq polymerase enzyme.